Osteosarcopenia e desempenho físico em uma amostra de mulheres idosas comunitárias de um centro urbano do nordeste brasileiro: um estudo exploratório

Abstract

Introduction: Osteosarcopenia is a unique geriatric syndrome, which can be understood as the concomitant presence of reduced bone mass and reduced muscle mass, amplifying the possible clinical repercussions and the main risk factors of two major musculoskeletal disorders that affect the elderly population, osteoporose/osteopenia and sarcopenia. Objective: To identify the association between Osteosarcopenia and physical performance measures in a sample of community-dwelling older women with and without osteosarcopenia residing in an urban center in the brazilian Northeast. Methods: This is an analytical observational study, of a cross-sectional nature, which evaluated 32 older women with osteosarcopenia and 32 without osteosarcopenia. Sociodemographic data, anthropometric measurements, presence of chronic diseases, and SARC-F were collected. Body composition was assessed using Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA), and sarcopenia was defined based on the criteria of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2). Physical performance was measured using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and Handgrip Strength Analysis (HSA). Regarding statistical analysis, Pearson's chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test, and logistic regression adjusted for age, Body Mass Index (BMI), gait speed, chair stand speed, and HSA were conducted to estimate the association with osteosarcopenia. Results: HSA (OR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.86, p-value < 0.001) and the chair stand test (OR = 0.17, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.62, p-value = 0.008) were significantly associated with the presence of osteosarcopenia. Conclusion: Osteosarcopenia is associated to physical performance in this evaluated sample. Handgrip strength and the chair stand test are the physical performance measures associated with osteosarcopenia in this community-dwelling elderly women.