Avaliação do desempenho funcional de idosos com diabetes mellitus tipo 2

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Assess factors associated with functional performance in elderly people with type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). METHODS: It comes to an analytical observational study in a transversal nature. 81 female and male individuals, aged over 60 years were evaluated. The elderly were assessed in relation to psycho-cognitive, postural balance and functional performance, clinical-functional and sociodemographic data, through the WHODAS 2.0. It was performed simple descriptive analysis. The total score by WHODAS 2.0 was analyzed in relation to other study variables, through the application of statistical tests: Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis test with post hoc Dunn and Spearman correlation. The level of significance was 5% (p <0.05). RESULTS: The sample had a mean age of 69.4 ± 6.4 years, female majority (66.7%), white (44.4%), illiterare (29.6%), good general health (50.6%), good vision (43.2%) and good hearing (53.1%), without physical activity (66.7%), having three or four diseases (40.7%), using five or more medications (65.4%), diagnosis of DM 2 for more than ten years (54.3%), pain in the lower limbs (LL) (59.3%) without loss history in the last year (48.1 %), prone to falls (65.4%), fear of falling (69.1%), presence of dizziness (54.3%); without cognitive impairment (53.1%) or without depressive symptoms (56.8%). The average Body Mass Index (BMI) was 28.1± 4.4 kg/m² in Time Up and Go (TUG) was 14.1 ± 11.4 seconds to Hand Grip Strength (HGS) was 20.8 ± 8.1 kg. Regarding functional performance, respondents showed a median of 9.0 points. There was significance between WHODAS and the variables: gender (p = 0.003), educational level (p = 0.005), worse health perception (p<0.001) and vision (p <0.001), pain in lower limbs (p = 0.0002), fell in the last year (p = 0.006), fear of falling (p = 0.01), tendency to fall (p<0.001), dizziness (p = 0.003), physical activity (p = 0.03), use of walking assistive devices (p = 0.03), more diseases (p<0.001) and depressive symptoms (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Elderly patients with DM 2 present functional restriction when associated with female sex, less education, worse health and vision perception and physical inactivity, use of the walking aid device, pain in lower limbs, more diseases, history of falls, fear of falling, dizziness and depressive symptoms.