Utilização de pós de bambu e de rejeitos de lentes oftálmicas na obtenção de compósitos poliméricos

Abstract

The environment has been suffering due to the indiscriminate use of natural resources and their environmental impacts. The main attacks on environmental sustainability are caused by synthetic materials and their waste. This work combines two materials that aim to contribute to this problem; one of natural origin, natural bamboo fiber of the Bambusa Vulgaris Schrad (PB) species and one of discard, ophthalmic lens waste (PRLO), both without defined application, produced in large quantities and the waste discarded irregularly in landfills. Bamboo and tailings powders were produced, with 2.07 mm and 1.14 mm granulometries, respectively. The amounts by weight of 10 and 15% PB, 15 and 40% PRLO and a hybrid composition with 5% PB and 20% PRLO were used to obtain the desired composites. The composite plates were manufactured by the cold compression wet molding process in closed mold. In the characterization it was verified the decrease of the mechanical strength of the composite in comparison to the matrix, concluding that the bamboo powders and lens rejects had a filling load function. The most expressive result of the composites was the impact resistance, corresponding to 0.55 J / cm2 for PRLO 40%, 39.6% higher than the polyester resin matrix. As a practical application, two table tops and bench tops were manufactured, using the most economically and ecologically viable composites, C4 and C2.