Equilíbrio de fase de sistemas com alcanoaminas e tensoativos em alta pressão: montagem e teste de um aparato experimental

Abstract

Oil is a complex mixture having predominantly paraffinic hydrocarbons, naphthenic and aromatic (Freitas and Costa, 1969) and other constituents (sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen) that normally occur in the form of organic compounds. The CO2, for example, be present in over 25% of the oil extracted from the pre-salt layer of the Campos and Santos basins. Estimates suggest that only in two areas with defined reserves - the Tupi and Iara, where there is an accumulation of up to 12 billion barrels of oil and gas - there are 3.1 billion tons of CO2, one of the gases that contribute to warming. Because of this large amount of contaminants (CO2, N, S, etc.) present in the mixture of hydrocarbons extracted these basins, it must find new ways of separation of this contaminant. For such development of new practices is important a constant study of the thermodynamic equilibrium between oil constituents and their contaminants. Thus the goal is to build a device that generates enough conditions to check phase behavior of various oil industry's interest systems with their most common contaminants, eg CO2 at high pressure using prior knowledge of Guerra-Neto, 2010, which must operate at temperatures and pressures up to 300 bar and temperatures up to 100 degrees Celsius. Some systems of interest are: CO2 and alcanoaminas (monoetanolamine, dietanolamine, trietanolamine). Lauryl alcohol ethoxylate and water and CO2 and alkanes with mild contamination of water.