Promoção da saúde mental entre trabalhadores da saúde nos serviços públicos no Brasil: revisão narrativa

Abstract

Mental health, according to the World Health Organization, is a state of well-being that combines the development of individual capacities, the ability to cope with stress, and participation in the community. This balance is shaped by social, economic, and working conditions. In this context, healthcare professionals stand out, as they face work conditions marked by overload, long hours, exposure to biological risks, pressure for results, and often low remuneration or precarious employment. These determinants impact mental health and can lead to work-related psychosocial issues. Given this scenario, the objective of this study was to analyze actions aimed at promoting mental health implemented in Brazilian public health services. To conduct this study, a narrative review methodology was adopted, collecting data from SciELO, LILACS, and Google Scholar databases, as well as institutional sources (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, World Health Organization), between 2014 and 2024, with qualitative analysis. The results highlighted actions for mental health promotion, including prevention through Primary Health Care (Family Health Strategy) and monitoring through health surveillance, as well as the need for institutions to encourage self-care. Diagnosis is primarily conducted by Psychosocial Care Centers and Occupational Health Reference Centers but is limited due to a shortage of psychologists. Treatment involves psychological support and adjustments to work routines to reduce stress.