Incorporação do resíduo proveniente da estação de tratamento de efluente da industria têxtil em matriz cerâmica

Abstract

The process textile industry brings benefits economic and social to Rio Grande do Norte since 1949. However, throughout productive chain this segment, several operations lead to generation of wastes solid, liquid and gaseous, which they have great potential polluter essentially making necessary treatment of effluent coming from this sector. In the wastewater treatment processes is obtained a solid residue called sludge, consisting primarily of organic matter and heavy metals. In recent decades, concern about the final destination, treatment and recycling of this waste has instigated generating companies to contribute to reducing the impact that this material has caused to the environment. In this context, the purpose was to study a viable alternative to recycling the sludge from the treatment effluent plant by incorporating the clay to make bricks. the raw materials, sludge and clay, were characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry (TG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). Then, sludge was incorporated into the clay for the manufacture of ceramic bars and bricks scaled-down, in percentages of 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% wet weight sludge. The specimens were sintered at temperatures of: 850, 900 and 950 ° C. The ceramic bars and bricks were evaluated by tests of water absorption, linear drying shrinkage, linear firing shrinkage and mechanical strength. Both for the bars and for the bricks, maximum amount, could be 10% of sludge, at firing temperature of 850 e 900°C, without compromising the properties of the product. Then a statistical analysis was made of the mechanical properties to identify which operating parameter significantly contributed to the process. The use of textiles waste can increase the efficiency of the industries involved in the manufacture of ceramic blocks, promoting a reduction in extraction of the natural resource used, as well as provide a sustainable destination of the pollutant waste textile industry. It is necessary prior to testing, since the technical properties vary with processing.