Avaliação de multielementos no plasma de pessoas idosas Institucionalizadas e associações com variáveis sociodemográficas, clínicas e de estilo de vida

Abstract

Evaluation of multi-elements in the plasma of institutionalized older persons and associations with sociodemographic, clinical and lifestyle variables. Aging is associated with physiological, anatomical, biochemical and psychological changes that reflect on the health and nutrition conditions of individuals. Maintaining adequate micronutrient status is important for health and longevity. Essential elements participate in important biological processes, and on the other hand, non-essential elements are accumulated in the human body. throughout life, resulting in biological damage upon prolonged exposure. Based on these aspects, research on the identification of these multiple elements and how they behave in organic interactions emerge. The purpose of the retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the status of essential and non-essential elements in the plasma of institutionalized older persons in Natal/RN and associations with sociodemographic, clinical and lifestyle variables. The population consisted of 148 older persons living in public and private ILPIs in the city of Natal. Data on demographic, clinical, anthropometric, health and lifestyle variables were obtained and categorized according to specificities. Food consumption was measured using the direct food weighing method. The calculation of micronutrient inadequacy was performed using the Estimated Adequate Requirement (EAR) method as the cut-off point. Six essential and nine non-essential elements were evaluated in plasma by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results are presented as median (P25-P75). To understand the variance of the elements in the sampling plan, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed. Four components identified by the PCA were constituted as follows: C1 (As, Ni, Rb, Cu, Se and Zn); C2 (Cd and Pb); C3 (Al and Mn) and C4 (Li). The first component generated (C1) explained 32.3% of the total variance of the model, with the sum of all loads equal to 70.4%. Associations between factors and independent variables were tested. Pb and Cd were associated with the presence of multimorbidity (p=0.018), Al with gender (p=0.012). Hg was related to type of ILPI (p<0.001), BMI (p<0.001), calf circumference (p=0.04), number of comorbidities p=0.023) and polypharmacy (p=0.004). Se plasma concentrations differed between sex (p=0.039) and BMI (p=0.040) and institutionalization time was related to Sr (p=0.011). Essential and non-essential element status was associated with multimorbidities type of LTIE, BMI and calf circumference, and polypharmacy