Perfil dos óbitos por anomalias congênitas no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte no período de 2006 a 2013

Abstract

Objective: to analyse the prevalence and factors associated with fetal deaths and no fetal or infants for Congenital Anomalies in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, from 2006 to 2013. Methodology: this is a descriptive study. Data were collected from the Mortality Information System. We studied Year, Kind and classification of death, sex, residence, death, the place of occurrence, age and mother’s years of study, number of live or deaths births, gestational age, Kind of pregnancy and delivery, time life and weight. Data were analyzed using the Mortality Rate, and the variables were categorized and entered into SPSS version 18.0 for analysis using the chi-square test with 5% significance level. Results: in Rio Grande do Norte were analyzed 1,220 records of congenital Abnomalities deaths, 178 of the fetal and 1042, no fetal or child (from 0 to 365 days). Most abnormalities are related to the cardiovascular system (N = 485), followed by abnormalities of central nervous system (N = 273). The malformation deaths are associated with males (49.3% p˂0,016). 92.3% deaths occurred in hospitals (P ˂0.0001). 10.2% of mothers had already had 1-2 stillbirths (P˂0.0001) and most pregnancies (56.5%) were single fetus (P˂0.0001). Regarding the Kind of delivery, 30.6% were by Cesarean section (P˂0.0001). 40.1% of pregnancies related to congenital anomalies reached between 37 to 41 weeks, and 53.1% of mothers were adult women aged between 20 and 30 years. The birth weight of children with some type of malformation, despite the short registration offered in the database, 220 (34.7%) had weight between 2500-4000 g. Meanwhile, 9.6% of children with abnormalities in the central nervous system were underweight Conclusion :. thus the data pointed to the majority of deaths due to congenital abnormalities was not the fetal or infant type, the main anomaly to the cardiovascular system. Most deaths occurred in the post neonatal period, for children weighing between 2500-4000 g. Deaths were prevalent in young women aged 20 to 30 years, with a history of dead children and gestational age between 37-41 weeks. The study draws attention to the high number of incomplete data, compromising both a construction of a profile of mortality from congenital anomalies, as the identification of risk factors.