Análise da relação literatura e sociedade em Antônio Cândido e Raymond Williams: interpretando os fatores sociais que atuam sobre a obra

Abstract

The way of analysing the literature from its relation to the social world has always been important for cultural sociology. Already in the second quarter of the century XX, it has emerged the need to set up a theory, from the formal analysis of literary works, associated with the sociological interpretation. The different routes in which Raymond Williams and Antonio Candido took to accomplish this task are two of the most fertile chapters of this tradition of thought. Thereby, this present work search for accomplishing a comparative analysis between those two sociologists to clarify as each one of them conceived the relationship between literature and society. In other words, the way social factors should be analysed in literary works. For this, it was necessary fulfilled a critical reading of "Literatura e Sociedade" and "O Discurso e a Cidade" from Antonio Candido, and "Marxism and Literature" and "The Country and the City" from Raymond Williams. It was in those works that the authors expressed their respective visions concerning the literary phenomenon and implemented their critical analysis. In order to explore the main similarities and divergences between them and realign their theoretical-methodological programs in terms of goals themselves considers and of results to reach them, the present work claims that an equivalence between Candido and Willimas' proposals it is not possible because they differ in the way to conceive and to analyze the social factors that act on the literary composition.