Crescimento, produção e distribuição de bionassa de espécies florestais em resposta ao método de cultivo

Abstract

The knowledge about and productive potential of forest species should contribute significantly as basis for the proposition of actions that allow a correct restoration or conservatio. Contributing to an appropriate planning of the exploitation of particular area and conservation of ecosystems, which contributes to a sustainable production of their products. This study aimed to evaluate growth, production biomass distribution of three acácia (Acacia mangium Willd), neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) and sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia Benth) from 1 to 4 years of age, in response to the method cultivation. The experimental design was a randomized block factorial two treatments, less intensive and more intensive, and four repetitions, totaling eight installments. Being the eight parcels of 576 m ² (24 x 24), with spacing between plants of 3 m x3 m, being 64 plants/plot and useful portion of 36 plants. In the treatment with more intensive cultivation was used bovine manure (4.0 t/ha), super triple (146.0 kg/ha) distributed in furrows and calcareous (2.0 t/ha) and NPK (6-30 -6:100 g/plant), in pits side. All treatment more intensive was applied NPK (6-30 -6:100 g/plant), in pits side. The growth of each tree was obtained by measuring the height (m) and diameter (cm). From these data were calculated the basal area (m2/ha), volume (m3/ha) and Average annual incremente (m3/ha/ano) To obtain the of the aerial part biomass average tree was felled, and its components (leaves, twigs, bark and wood) separated, weighed and dried, yielding fresh and dry biomass. In all the variables studied, they presented differentiated behaviors, in which the type of crop influenced differently in the growth and biomass production. Initial soil preparation, together with fertilization of bovine manure and triple superphosphate, NPK and limestone positively influence the growth and volumetric production of acacia, neem and sabiá. The most intensive cultivation method had a greater influence on the acacia and neem species, where for the sabiá the variable biomass distribution had influence only for the wood compartment, the other compartments were not influenced by the more intensive cultivation.