Relação entre função pulmonar e ângulos posturais da coluna cervical e cintura escapular de crianças asmáticas respiradores bucais

Abstract

Introduction: Patients with asthma are more likely to develop a predominantly mouth breathing pattern and a change in the breathing pattern by the mouth breathing syndrome (MBS) implies in postural adjustments. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between lung function and postural angles of mouth breathing asthmatic children. Method: This is a crosssectional study of analytical character, conducted in accordance with the STROBE recommendations. 31 mouth breathing asthmatic children aged between 7 and 12 years were evaluated. A speech therapist evaluation was performed which consisted of: Glatzel mirror test; predominantly mouth breathing confirmation during the last six months, and at least one of the following findings: skeletal crossbite, high palate, anterior open bite, shortened upper lip and lower everted and lack of lip seal. The diagnostic confirmation of oral breathing pattern was verified by otoscopy, rhinoscopy, oropharyngoscopy and fibronasopharyngolaryngoscopy. The physical therapy evaluation consisted of anthropometric data, spirometry and assessment of postural pattern by the Qualisys Motion Movement Analysis System Capture Systems. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 17.0 with a significance level of 5%. The normality distribution of the data was tested with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test. The one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's Post Hoc were used to assess differences in postural angles and spirometric variables in the age groups between 7-8; 9-10 and 11-12 years. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of lung function of asthmatic children with mouth breathing pattern. Results: The variables left shoulder protrusion, FVC, FEV1 and PEF showed significant differences between the age groups: 7-8 and 11-12 years and 9-10 and 11-12 years. The multiple linear regression models found that: 1) the time variable height, right acromion alignment and left acromion alignment are predictors of FVC in the age groups of 7-8 years; 2) the variable right alignment of the acromion, left alignment acromion, right shoulder protrusion, left shoulder protrusion FVC were predictors in the age group between 9-10 years; 3) Left alignment acromion, right shoulder and left shoulder protrusion are FEV1 predictors aged 9-10 years; 4) the height, right alignment of the acromion, the left alignment of the acromion and left shoulder protrusion are predictors of PFE in the age group of 9-10 years. Conclusion: The left shoulder protrusion, FVC, FEV1, FEF25-75% and PEF may be influenced by age. The weight, height, and the cervical and the shoulder girdle posture angles are predictors of lung function of mouth breathing asthmatic children aged 7 and 10 years.