Direito de punir e impunidade: uma busca pela redefinição da aplicação da punição no sistema penal brasileiro

Abstract

The current paper is about the right to punish, impunity and the quest for the redefinition of Brazilian Criminal Justice System. From the outgrowing violence and criminal practices that have become more and more quotidian comes the need to think more attentively on the efficiency of Criminal Justice. Accordingly to that concept, the text development constitutes a proposal of improvement of Justice aiming at a bigger effectiveness of Law. Initially it deals with violence and the increase of criminality in Brazil, showing the impunity issue and the raise of criminal practices that are obstacles for a harmonic society. After that several theories are presented which, from the social contract and the philosophical fundaments of the ius puniendi, sustain the importance of the right to punish of the State. Furthermore it is addressed on the Law contrary to impunity from the justification of Fundamental Rights and Guarantees in a collective view equated with individual rights. At that point the focus in on strengthening the definition of Law from the understanding that the fundamental rights and guarantees support the idea of an effective ius puniendi. Lastly, suggestions for improving the Criminal Justice System are presented as a starting point to the change in the Justice in Brazil. On that sense, the theoretical framework is grounded on the dialectical way searching for effective solutions for impunity aiming to fundament the progress of Brazilian Criminal Justice.