Ponderação de bens na superação da colisão entre a liberdade de imprensa e direito à privacidade no sistema constitucional brasileiro

Abstract

The Brazilian Federal Constitution of 1988 comports several fundamental rights, not alienable to the citizen, put on the same plan of efficiency. They (the fundamental rights) assure not only the subjective rights, but also the objective principles of the democratic and constitutional order. Among the fundamental rights protected on the Brazilian constitutional system are the press freedom and the right to privacy, which cannot receive hierarchical referential or overlays, although set in a situation of balance and equality. However, in the collective ambience, the relation between these rights not always is in balance. The present dissertation deepens a research about the press freedom and the right to privacy in the Brazilian juridical ordainment, particularly in its constitutional base, studying the conflict situations, defined by doctrine as collision of principles. Especially in the solution of conflicts related to these fundamental rights, it has been established as the more adequate technique to ponderation. The ponderation technique results from the analysis of the semantic and juridical sense of expressions contained in the constitutional text, searching for a fair application between ways and ends. The judgment of consideration allows reaching the best proportion, or the best results between juridical goods which collide among themselves. Before the eventual conflicts between principles, the interpreter-applicator will make a consideration between the standard contestants, opting, at last, for that that, in the circumstances, and according to his prudent evaluation, should have a relatively bigger weight. Equally the dissertation evaluate the confused declaration of unconstutionality of the law n° 5.250/67, which is called “Press Law”, through the ADPF 130-7, which conclusion is for the prohibition of the publication of infra-constitutional laws regulating the press freedom. In what it weighs the right to press freedom having the relevant social function in the Democratic State of Right, it can be concluded in this essay to be essential to delimit its form and its amplitude, in front of the exercise of the innate right to the privacy, even through infra-constitutional law. The legitimating effect on the acting of the press freedom implies not only on its exercise being done with rigidity and objectivity, but, especially, that there is no reduction in the sphere of private life protection, as the rights of the personality.