O curso de treinamento para professores leigos de 1963 a1965 em Caicó/RN: um documentário para a história da educação matemática

Abstract

In this work, we present a story about the formation of Lay Teacher and his experience in a Training Course that took place in Caicó, State of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), in 1963, 1964 and 1965. This course became important for the improvement in the level of education of the Lay Teachers and, consequently, brought improvements to state education, as it reduced the illiteracy rate of the Rio Grande do Norte‘s population. At that time, the lack of teachers qualified for teaching in Brazil was a reality and the Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Brasileira (LDB), No. 5.692 / 71, allowed teachers not qualified, that is, lay teachers, to teach. That said, we will answer the following question: How did the aforementioned Training Course contribute to the training of Lay Teachers in Caicó/RN, especially, in relation to the teaching of Mathematics? In order to do so, we have as a general objective to prepare a historical record about the Training Course for Lay Teachers in Caicó/RN, in the years 1963, 1964 and 1965, pointing to the practices and in-service training of these lay teachers and and their teachers – whom, in this study, we call trainers - with the aim of producing a documentary about this story. With the objective defined, we use Cultural History assumptions, through authors such as Chartier (1990) and Borges (2005), to support our research methodology, as we build the history of Lay Teachers in Caicó / RN. We also used, during this methodological process, documents (LE GOFF, 1994) that were found by us in the Public Archive of the State of Rio Grande do Norte and semi-structured interviews (LAVILLE; DIONNE, 1999) that were carried out with 3 (three) teacher trainers, 4 (four) lay teachers and 2 (two) administrative techniques, all of the Training Course. In addition, because this is a research from a professional master's degree, we produced a documentary, which is on DVD, as an educational product, with the objective of showing in a more realistic way the reality lived by the "actors" who lived through this story that We propose to tell. The documentary was constituted from the report of our interviewees, who emphasized in their narration the teaching methodology of Mathematics, developed in the Training Course. Our intention is that this educational product serves as study material for students and teachers of the degree in Mathematics, as well as researchers in the area of History of Mathematics Education. Finally, the analysis of our oral and written sources showed that Lay Teachers learned in the Training Course new mathematical teaching methodologies, in particular, the elaboration and use of pedagogical didactic materials, like the fractions disc, in an empirical-activist perspective, as defined by Fiorentini (1995).