Em busca da gestão moderna? A implementação da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (Lei nº 12.305/2010) nos municípios de Natal e Parnamirim

Abstract

The solutions to the socioenvironmental problems require the agreement of different political and social key players to insert and consolidate this theme in the government’s schedule and, therefore, to reach the effectiveness of the public policy. In this sense, the public manager role functions stand out as the key player that articulates and makes possible the implementation of the public function before the local needs. This subject become even more powerful when it comes up the context of the metropolitan regions that, in the face of the metropolitan area process even more higher, require the elaboration of new urban, environmental and organizational arrangement of the public services. The law number 12.305/2010 (National Solid Waste Policy – Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos – PNRS, in Portuguese) regulates the socioenvironmental subject about solid waste in Brazil, once it defines, principles, devices and attributions, mainly to the local government, to structure a model of operation and management based on solutions and shared actions. So, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the implementation of the PNRS on the metropolitan region of Natal, based on the definition of a common strategy to the county, starting from the following question: how occurs the management of the solid waste in the metropolitan area considering the prerogative included in the national law? This qualitative paper, used the inductive method and concluded that after seven years of its promulgation, some timid advances were observed in which means the effectiveness of PNRS as a public policy and a waste management instrument in the Natal metropolitan area. The data analysis and the interviews made with the management representative and a private company indicate factors like the nonexistence of a metropolitan conscience and institucional arrangement consolidated as hindrances to the solutions based on cooperation. Although there are efforts to adjust it to the guidelines of the PNRS, most of the counties studied still is out of keeping with the national law or, when it applicates the legal rules, makes it inefficiently. The results found indicate the inefficiency of the waste management in Natal metropolitan area to carry out the solid waste modern management in the PNRS moulds.