Preceptoria na residência multiprofissional em saúde no Programa de Terapia Intensiva Adulto: perfil dos profissionais e dificuldades enfrentadas

Abstract

In Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde (RMS), preceptor has been usually performed two roles, health professional and supervisor of practices, developing both assistance and teaching activities. The aim of study is to identify the preceptors‟ profile of RMS Program, with concentration area in Adult Intensive Care, at the University Hospital Onofre Lopes – UFRN – EBSERH and the difficulties they have faced in performance of their activities. This is a field study, descriptive, in which for its development it was used a semi-structured and self-administered questionnaire, with a pre-established script to be answered by preceptors, in a secretive manner, with a sample for convenience. The answers related to the open questions were analyzed using the Bardin Categorical Thematic Content Analysis. All participants signed the Informed Consent Term. The sample was composed by 52 professionals from several health areas, mostly women, with a mean age by 38 years. The professionals had an average training time of 14 years, and a mean time in exercise of preceptor of four years. In analysis of open questions, after exhaustive material reading, four categories raised, classified a priori as "Motivation", "Role of the Preceptor", "Challenges" and "Propositions". Thus, the results have indicated that the most of preceptors are not fulfilled with their preceptor status, neither they feel able to perform this function, although have revealed a willingness to qualify; there is little incentive to technical training and for technical activities; excessive working hours, with lack of adaptation to the preceptory reality; there is also difficulties related to infrastructure, which it have been considered inadequate to the teaching, and, finally, to the proposals of improvements in order to the minimize these difficulties. Part of these results are corroborated by the literature reports in similar RMS programs, which it have indicated as main difficulties, lack of professional and financial incentive and absence of conciliation between assistance and preceptory. In this way, it was created and sent a Scientific Technical Report to the institutional managers, in order to suggest a unity between them, the program coordinators and preceptors, with the view to overcome these difficulties.