PRODEMA - Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente

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Dinâmica do uso e cobertura da terra e a degradação ambiental no município de Nísia Floresta (RN) ao longo de 37 anos: subsídios para o planejamento ambiental
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2025-07-30) Oliveira Neto, Orlando Maximiano de; Silva, Sebastião Milton Pinheiro da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0950-4622; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3202304089432033; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1367920856659834; Costa, Diógenes Felix da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4210-7805; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4149669138364420; Costa, Franklin Roberto da; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7708-0668; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1738258562015403
The Brazilian coastal zone is approximately 10,800 km long, with extremely complex environmental systems, such as dunes, restingas, beaches, reefs, mangroves, lagoons, estuaries, and rocky shorelines, hosting diverse species of flora and fauna. Socioeconomic pressures on coastal areas have resulted in rapid urbanization and the degradation of natural resources. On the other hand, the advance of the sea has been destroying and causing irreversible socio-environmental damages to beaches worldwide. However, this has supposedly not occurred in Nísia Floresta, as the city is distant from the sea and its beaches are largely protected by sandbars, although there is urban densification in these areas. The hypothesis of this study is that, due to the protection of the municipal beaches by reefs, there have been no impacts, degradation, or destruction in the coastal zone due to human occupation on the beaches. With the support of geotechnologies, satellite images, and geographic information systems, it was possible to process and analyze the transformation of land use and occupation in the municipality of Nísia Floresta. The results point to disordered human occupation and significant negative environmental impacts throughout the municipal territory. In the analyzed period, it was observed that the urbanized area grew significantly, from 42.56 hectares in 1985 to 1,081.78 hectares in 2022, which resulted in the reduction of natural areas, loss of biodiversity, increased soil impermeabilization, and greater risk of flooding and urban heat islands. Furthermore, the savanna formation decreased from 2,788.38 hectares to 971.14 hectares, leading to effects such as biodiversity loss and alterations in the ecological balance. The beach zone has also suffered negative environmental impacts, such as the destruction of buildings, erosion, and the transport and deposition of sediments on the beaches. The reefs, which theoretically could minimize the energy of the waves that hit them, do not seem to be sufficient to prevent environmental degradation in many areas, with the destruction of settlements.
Análise de perspectivas agroecológicas de plantas alimentícias não convencionais
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2025-09-29) Morais, Ionaldo Costa de; Lucena, Rebecca Luna; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4670-265X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7007364724379098; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7626388751139813; Lichston, Juliana Espada; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0727435909982933; Reis, João Santiago; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3516-4334; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2587214189684250; Lima, Nádia Gilma Beserra de; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6004-9170; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6672666349878514
Urban and environmental sustainability represents one of the greatest contemporary challenges in light of the intensification of the climate crisis, population growth, and ecosystem degradation. In this context, environmental education plays a fundamental role in encouraging sustainable behaviors and attitudes, promoting initiatives such as community gardens and alternative food practices. Among these alternatives, Non-Conventional Food Plants (NCFPs) stand out, defined as plant species with edible parts that are often overlooked, yet hold significant nutritional, agricultural, and environmental potential. The cultivation and consumption of NCFPs contribute to dietary diversification, providing essential vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds, while also supporting the prevention of chronic diseases and strengthening food security. Their hardiness and adaptability to different environmental conditions reduce dependence on agricultural inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides, thereby decreasing environmental impacts and enhancing the resilience of farming systems in the face of climate change. Despite their potential, integration of NCFPs faces challenges such as lack of awareness, cultural barriers, absence of specific public policies, and limited scientific research. This study, conducted through a literature review and qualitative approach, seeks to analyze the role of NCFPs at the intersection of sustainability, health, and food security, highlighting their relevance for agrobiodiversity conservation and for the development of more sustainable and resilient food systems. The results are expected to support public policies, sustainable agricultural practices, and educational strategies that expand the recognition and use of NCFPs in both urban and rural contexts.
O etnoconhecimento e a conservação de sementes crioulas no estado do Rio Grande do Norte: (re)existências e ancestralidades
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2025-07-24) Teixeira, Elida Cassandra de Souza; Souza, Cimone Rozendo de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4903-0839; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8227598190372706; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0814684035446870; Silva, Andréa Leme da; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9944-3052; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1437384786936034; Silva, Ana Tereza Reis da; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8204-0732; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1290786927670370
The appreciation of traditional knowledge has been highlighted in the literature as a strategic path to promoting sustainability. In this context, conservation practices for Creole seeds stand out, considered essential for the social reproduction of traditional populations and for environmental conservation. This study aims to investigate the traditional knowledge involved in the conservation of Creole seeds in seven Citizenship Territories of Rio Grande do Norte. To this end, the first part consisted of a systematic review of the literature on Creole seeds, aiming to identify the predominant elements in academic literature on the topic. Subsequently, the results of field research conducted as part of the project "In Search of Seeds that Color the Semiarid Region: Identification, Characterization, and Mapping of Creole Seeds in the Citizenship Territories of Rio Grande do Norte" (In Search of Seeds that Color the Semiarid Region: Identification, Characterization, and Mapping of Creole Seeds in the Citizenship Territories of Rio Grande do Norte) were presented. This project, developed by the Rural Studies Laboratory of UFRN, aims to analyze the conservation and management practices of Creole seeds adopted by family farmers in Rio Grande do Norte. The literature review showed that Creole seeds are more than genetic resources: they are a cultural and political heritage that expresses the identity, memory, and resistance of traditional peoples and communities. The empirical results revealed the richness of local knowledge about the management, conservation, and symbolic meaning of seeds, understood as "seeds of life," linked to ancestry and spirituality. Practices such as markets, community banks, and networks of guardians emerge as forms of collective resistance and safeguarding agrobiodiversity. The research also highlighted the leading role of women and community organizations in maintaining this knowledge, as well as the challenges faced, such as the rural exodus and the lack of continuous, adequate, and agroecologically based public policies, fundamental not only for biodiversity but also for building a truly sustainable, fair, and pluralistic development model. However, a growing effort was observed to involve rural youth in training and collective seed management spaces. In conclusion, Creole seeds represent ancestral technologies and symbols of resistance and autonomy, demanding recognition of their biocultural values and the development of public policies that strengthen traditional territories. Thus, it is argued that defending Creole seeds is defending life, diversity, and the possibility of futures rooted in the knowledge and practices of communities that cultivate not only food, but also stories, dreams, and sustainable ways of life.
Répteis e serviços ecossistêmicos: o lagarto Phyllopezus pollicaris (Spix, 1825) como bioindicador de exposição à radioatividade natural em região semiárida do Nordeste brasileiro
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2025-04-30) Cavalcanti, Leticia Gurgel Bezerra Medeiros; Freire, Eliza Maria Xavier; Amaral, Viviane Souza do; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9326-9054; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4440806451383783; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9486-6347; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6388455734228621; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1162813232667264; Soares, Carlos Eduardo Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0870407557602038; Ribeiro, Leonardo Barros; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4491-0236; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3811678559990456
The use of animals as bioindicators has proven to be relevant for assessing the effects of ionizing radiation. Among reptiles, especially Testudines and Crocodylia have stood out. Lizards, although less studied, exhibit characteristics that make them sensitive to environmental changes. In Brazil, there are large uranium reserves, particularly concentrated in regions such as the Seridó area of Rio Grande do Norte and Paraíba, where natural radiation levels are high. A study conducted with lizards in this region identified Phyllopezus periosus as a good bioindicator due to the detection of genetic damage caused by radon. Considering that reptiles play essential roles in identifying environmental damage and maintaining ecosystems, this study aimed to evaluate whether the lizard Phyllopezus pollicaris, which has greater environmental plasticity than its congener P. periosus, is also sensitive to natural radioactivity, with possible DNA alterations, as well as to identify the ecosystem services provided by lizards. In this context and perspective, the general objective of this study was to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the genotoxic patterns and effects of contamination by radioisotopes in Phyllopezus pollicaris, while also identifying and evaluating the ecosystem services provided by lizards at a global level. To assess the sensitivity of P. pollicaris, blood smear slides from specimens collected during a previous study in three municipalities of the Seridó region of Rio Grande do Norte — Lajes Pintadas, Currais Novos, and Serra Negra do Norte — all with high levels of ionizing radiation, were analyzed. For radiation level comparisons, fieldwork was carried out in the Mata Estrela Private Natural Heritage Reserve (RPPN), in the municipality of Canguaretama/RN, which has low levels of natural radioactivity. Specimens of P. pollicaris were collected there, acclimated in the laboratory, and had their blood drawn for smear preparation. All blood smear slides from all specimens, across all study locations, were analyzed, and their erythrocytes were evaluated using the micronucleus test. To identify and categorize the ecosystem services provided by lizards globally over the last 15 years, bibliometric research was conducted using three academic databases. The results were organized and categorized according to the various ecosystem service functions reported for reptiles. The results demonstrate that P. pollicaris is sensitive to radon, but its environmental plasticity does not result in increased DNA damage, and micronucleus formation is associated with high rates of natural radiation. The main categories of ecosystem services provided by reptiles identified were Provisioning and Regulation, as well as Cultural services, due to the importance of these animals as a food resource and their cultural relevance. This study, therefore, highlights the lizard P. pollicaris as an indicator of environmental changes that directly affect human health, such as radioactivity, which is known to cause diseases like lung cancer, in addition to emphasizing the ecological importance of lizards and the relevant role they play in nature, whether as a cultural asset and/or a protein source.
Impactos do uso de herbicidas no cultivo do cártamo e o potencial da cultura para agricultura familiar do Nordeste
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2025-02-26) Silva, Francislayne Cortez da; Lichston, Juliana Espada; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0727435909982933; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8931610723114419; Silva, Andrea Leme da; Silva, Daniel Valadão
Safflower, Carthamus tinctorius L., is an oilseed species from the Asteraceae family that is cultivated all over the world, has many uses in the industrial sector and is adapted to semi-arid conditions due to its tolerance to low rainfall and high temperatures. It is currently considered a plant with great potential for biodiesel production due to the high oil content in its seeds, with around 72% linoleic fatty acid in its composition. The species in question has not yet managed to develop attributes favorable to its survival when exposed to situations of competition with other species, such as weeds, the most limiting factor, which can lead to yield losses of up to 88%. The chemical control method has proved effective in oilseed crops in Brazil, and is made possible through the use of herbicides, although safflower crops do not have any herbicides registered in Brazil. As a result, there is a need to expand studies into the performance of this control method, highlighting its effects on the crop. One of the aims of this study was to evaluate the effects caused by the pre-emergence use of 10 herbicides, widely used in Brazil, in a field experiment in the semi-arid northeast of Brazil. The use of Atrazine compared to the use of Trifluralin and Oxadiazon showed statistically significant results when compared to each other, causing a reduction in the number of leaves of the individuals, but there were no significant changes when compared to the control group. The social aspect of this project is aimed at introducing safflower to family farming, as it is a crop of great economic importance in various industrial sectors, as well as being a promising species in the production of biodiesel in Brazil, making it possible to generate employment and income for various farmers. The cultivation of safflower in semi-arid areas could contribute to the demand for vegetable oil in Brazil, and with this, the importance of investing in local farmers is clear. After applying a semi-structured questionnaire to family farmers in the Apodi/RN region, it was possible to identify positive results regarding the level of acceptance of the species as a new source of local income, with a 90% approval rate for the introduction of the species.
Usos da terra e vulnerabilidade natural e ambiental da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Boqueirão (RN)
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-08-27) Costa, Maria Denize da; Silva, Sebastião Milton Pinheiro da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0950-4622; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3202304089432033; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6147842844887667; Lucena, Rebecca Luna; Medeiros, Wendson Dantas de Araújo
The disordered use of land is currently one of the major contributors to environmental issues, with various reports highlighting conflict areas and indicators of environmental degradation, such as river pollution in watersheds across the country. The literature suggests that addressing this problem involves understanding the functioning of the ecosystem in question through geoenvironmental studies, such as natural and environmental vulnerability assessments, whose results can contribute to proposing solutions for environmental restoration, territorial planning and management, and the sustainable use of natural resources. In this context, the general objective of this research is to analyze the environmental vulnerability of the BHRB, using laboratory and field data to map vulnerability indicators that can support the development and adjustment of public policies, as well as territorial planning and management projects for the BHRB. Statistical techniques, image processing, and analyses were employed, enabling the generation of physical environment maps of the basin in the first stage. The results revealed that 0.72% of the BHRB area is vulnerable, located around the Boqueirão Lagoon and the urban area of Touros/RN, with a vulnerability scale ranging from 2.4 to 2.7. Approximately 12.92% of the area is classified as moderately stable/vulnerable, 52.61% as moderately vulnerable, and 33.75% as stable areas, distributed throughout the basin. Irrigated agriculture has been expanding around the basin, increasing deforestation and pressure on water supply. Occupation processes have intensified in recent years, moving further into the basin due to the implementation of agribusiness, which has heightened the pressure on water resources. This analysis represents an important attempt to generate new information and create tools to support the environmental planning of the basin.
Divulgação cientifica nas ciências ambientais: como informar sobre poluentes emergentes
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2025-03-10) Silva, Marcos André da; Amaral, Viviane Souza do; Verissimo, Lourena Mafra; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9326-9054; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4440806451383783; Navoni, Júlio Alejandro; Lopes, Régia Lúcia
Scientific dissemination has the function of popularizing and democratizing scientific information for a broad audience, through accessible language. Therefore, it materializes in different ways, among which scientific journalism, extension courses, special radio and television programs and, especially, documentaries stand out. Documentaries, especially scientific dissemination ones, were one of the first teaching resources to enter the classroom, precisely because they have an educational character and their realistic effects. Emerging pollutants or micropollutants are a group of potentially toxic substances whose effects on the environment are still little known. In Brazil, one of the largest consumers of medicines in the world, the National Medicines Policy (1998) was established with the aim of guaranteeing the population's access to essential, quality medicines, promoting their rational use. With the theme of emerging pollutants, we see that at the national level, documentaries are increasingly used as a resource and analysis document, however in the field of Environmental Sciences, especially in higher education, this resource is still little disseminated. Given the above, can the documentary technique help in scientific dissemination on the topic of emerging pollutants, specifically on the correct and incorrect disposal of medicines? For this research question, we hypothesize that scientific dissemination and dissemination of knowledge through documentaries can bring more accessible knowledge about the correct disposal of medicines. The work aims to inform how documentary productions can act in the dissemination of knowledge about environmental sciences to contribute to the environmental education of students in the areas of environmental sciences, specifically those in Biosciences, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), having greater adherence to objectives 3, 4, 6, 11, 14, 15 and 17.
Impactos ambientais do uso e ocupação humana no entorno do reservatório Ministro João Alves (Parelhas/RN)
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-07-11) Araújo, Ana Liliane dos Santos; Costa, Diógenes Felix da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4210-7805; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4149669138364420; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8075131764060693; Souza, Raquel Franco de; Soares, Ilton Araújo
When interacting with nature, human beings generate significant environmental impacts, especially the services offered by ecosystems and which are of great importance for environmental balance and the quality of life of all populations. The use of ecosystem services, as well as human occupation on the banks of reservoirs, has been occurring for a long time due to the practicality of meeting their needs. However, economic activities carried out in the area also cause impacts, which can directly affect the quality of water resources, as well as the biodiversity and aesthetics of the place, damaging the quality of life and health. These impacts can be, in most cases, irreversible if mitigating measures are not taken in time to recover the damaged areas. Therefore, this researchhas as a delimited area for the development of its study the Ministro João Alves reservoir, popularly known as Boqueirão in the municipality of Parelhas/RN. This is of great importance for Seridó, as it has the largest water storage capacity in the region, supplying other municipalities in addition to Parelhas, and also, its water depth is a Conservation Unit. The objective of this work was to identify which ecosystem services (ES) are provided by the Açude Ministro João Alves during the region's annual rainy season and how these services are being impacted. Furthermore, identify the existing environmental impacts in the study area and surroundings caused by human use and occupation. For this, the methodological procedures were: bibliographical survey; field control list; classification of services through CICES (v. 5.1); application of the DPSIR method to assess impacts; identification of areas without dense vegetation on the banks of the reservoir, identification and quantification of the type of buildings and potential purposes, quantification and mapping of roads close to the reservoir. The results reveal the occurrence of new services (even if only at certain periods of the year), where significant impacts affecting these services were identified, and, in addition, the impacts that these services suffer were identified, namely the pollution of bodies water resources, deforestation and the compromise in human andanimal supply are the most visible. Furthermore, there is soil degradation and possibly a compromise in water quality which, as a consequence, causes low vegetation density. The NDVI and SAVI indices indicate that the area surrounding the dam has vegetation considered to be of low to moderate density. Through NDWI, a reduction in the reservoir's water surface was noted. Regarding the number of occupations around the reservoir, they are distributed in around 44 buildings within the 100m area created for the designation of the buffer. Impactssuch as exposed soil, siltation, risk of contamination and increased trophic status of water were also identified in these areas of occupation. To mitigate this damage, it is important to adopt public policies aimed at coexistence with the semi-arid region, together with integrated management applied to the reservoir. It is also worth highlighting the need for inspections, monitoring of water quality and projects aimed at maintaining and restoringthe study area and restoration. The development of a management plan for the construction of a Buffer Zone with appropriate legislation, thus preventing degradation, is also relevant. Therefore, it is concluded that the reservoir suffers impacts at different levels and scales, triggering serious environmental problems in the short term.
Expansão urbana e degradação socioambiental: cenários e impactos no território da zona de proteção ambiental ZPA 09
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-08-29) Nunes, Aetius Maximiliano de Negreiros; Silva, Sebastião Milton Pinheiro da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0950-4622; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3202304089432033; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8782094391670792; Souza, Raquel Franco de; Costa, Franklin Roberto da
Environmental Protection Zone 09 is undergoing constant degradation processes in its ecosystem, and this study aimed to historicize the genesis of these processes and how they are not limited to the territory of this environmentally protected area. This is an area that has been extensively studied by academia due to its environmental importance and ecological fragility. Using historical images from the LANDSAT collection and the classification of land use and occupation, it was found that rapid urban expansion, caused by population growth and real estate speculation, poses risks to the aquifer system that feeds the fluvial-lacustrine geosystem of ZPA 09, formed by the Rio Doce and several connecting lakes, since in the neighborhoods that share the territory of ZPA 09 there is no sanitation system for domestic effluents. Internally in ZPA 09, it was noted that the processes of environmental degradation are still constant, as one can observe the dumping of solid waste, deforestation and growth of occupations, without the knowledge of the public administration and without the consent of technical agencies. With the occupation process in areas where the water table is exposed, combined with the silting of the riverbed, there are strong socio-environmental disruptions, with flooding and inundation of socioeconomically vulnerable communities, which could worsen with climate change. This study also noted a strong ecological potential, as there is a set of environmental protection areas that cover a large part of the northern coast, together with the mangrove areas of the Potengi River, which could constitute an ecological corridor.
Análise dos impactos sociais, ambientais e econômicos da carcinicultura no Brasil: um estudo da influência da atividade na qualidade dos recursos hídricos da região lagunar de Guaraíras, Rio Grande do Norte
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-04-02) Silva, Simony Andrade; Oliveira, Jorge Eduardo Lins; Navoni, Julio Alejandro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4496687596469933; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0492658641121768; Silva, Flávio José de Lima; Silva, Maria Cristina Basilio Crispim da
Anthropogenic influence as a factor of environmental degradation has been widely proven. Shrimp farming is a profitable activity that drives economic and regional development and can be implemented on different scales. However, there is a gap in the scientific literature regarding studies that investigate the pollution potential of shrimp farming in micro and small-scale operations, particularly in the context of the state of Rio Grande do Norte. Thus, this dissertation is composed of two chapters. The first chapter aims to identify and characterize the current knowledge about the economic, social, and environmental impacts of shrimp farming in Brazil. To achieve this, a bibliometric survey was conducted on the Scielo, Scopus, and Web of Science platforms, with the search criterion being works from the years (1993 to 2023) related to the proposed theme. A total of 56 articles related to this topic were analyzed, and the results indicated that the most frequent impacts were on mangrove vegetation, the presence of infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV), white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), changes in water quality (nutrients and physical and chemical characteristics), wastewater (effluents), environmental changes, and invasive species, among others. This review found that the minimization of the analyzed impacts can be achieved through efficient management strategies aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) proposed by the United Nations (UN) and with the use of technology. In the second chapter, the research aimed to characterize the physical, chemical, microbiological, and phytoplankton quality patterns of the intake water used for pond supply and the effluent generated by micro and small-scale shrimp farming. The results showed that the water quality of shrimp farming in the Guaraíras Lagoon presented parameters within the classification of CONAMA Resolution No. 357/2005 and CONAMA Resolution No. 430/2011. However, after the shrimp production process, changes in physical and chemical parameters were identified, such as dissolved oxygen, pH, suspended solids, and settleable solids (p<0.05), but still within the considered reference values. Phytoplankton levels were related to both changes in physical and chemical parameters and the state's drought season, describing an increase in cyanobacteria, which may be related to nutrient levels available during this period. The predominant phytoplankton classes observed in this study were Bacillariophyceae (44%), followed by Mediophyceae (25%) and Cyanophyceae (17%). The composition of phytoplankton in the intake water showed a statistically significant difference during the dry season, with an average value higher than that observed during the rainy season (p < 0.001). Additionally, considering the species potentially producing cyanotoxins, they presented a concentration five times higher in the effluent compared to the intake water (p < 0.001). From a Brazilian environmental perspective, the results comply with current national legislation, showing that micro and small-scale shrimp farming had a low environmental impact. However, these findings also highlight the need for future studies aimed at monitoring cyanotoxins to deepen the understanding of potential environmental and health impacts of shrimp farming in the region.
Serviços ecossistêmicos e impactos ambientais: uma análise integrada em um parque natural municipal em Natal/RN
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-03-26) Gomes, Cynthia Valéria Barbosa; Costa, Diógenes Felix da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4210-7805; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4149669138364420; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1536015144696115; Cândido, Gesinaldo Ataíde; Lima, Eduardo Rodrigues Viana de; Soares, Ilton Araújo
The Dom Nivaldo Monte City Park (PCDNM) is the first Municipal Environmental Conservation Unit, part of the National System of Conservation Units (SNUC) in the city of Natal in the state of Rio Grande do Norte/Brazil. Its main objective is to preserve nature, allowing only the indirect use of its natural resources, being a place for contemplation, recreation, sports and environmental education, playing a fundamental role in protecting the underground water source, which supplies a large part of the city, as well as housing a variety of animal and plant species, including some threatened with extinction. That said, the present work aimed to carry out an integrated analysis of the region, identifying the Ecosystem Services provided by the park and applying the DPSIR tool as an instrument for identifying anthropogenic impacts, in order to ratify the importance of this Conservation Unit as a provider of well-being for the population of the city of Natal, as well as verifying possible environmental impacts that, if not controlled, could compromise future generations. The research emphasized the importance of the Park as a biodiverse ecosystem, essential for environmental stability, through the promotion of pollination, pest control and nutrient cycling, in addition to serving as a refuge for native species, playing a crucial role in fauna conservation. and regional flora. Another aspect highlighted is the relevance of the Park as a leisure and entertainment space, providing walking trails and green spaces for outdoor activities. These opportunities not only promote physical and mental health, but also offer therapeutic and educational benefits, stimulating awareness of the importance of environmental conservation. Furthermore, the research highlighted the role of the Park as a facilitator of the connection between people and nature, encouraging direct contact with natural environments, whether through the appreciation of natural beauty and the development of a sense of belonging, or by encouraging environmental responsibility. Understanding these services has enabled the implementation of actions and policies aimed at protecting the natural resources present in the park, as well as promoting environmental education and raising awareness among the population about the importance of their preservation. Furthermore, the application of the DPSIR tool (Driving Force, Pressure, State, Impact, Response) highlighted several driving forces, such as leisure and recreation, scientific research, environmental education, cultural and religious events and provision of plant species, with direct implications for conservation and sustainable management of the park. One of the main findings was the pressure exerted by leisure and recreation, which, although it is a positive driving force in promoting the integration of society with the natural environment, presents challenges such as the increase in human and vehicle traffic, requiring careful assessments and formal authorizations. to avoid harmful impacts on ecosystems. Scientific research and environmental education, fundamental for understanding local biodiversity and raising awareness, also contribute to pressures, despite their low intensity, especially through sample collection and habitat disturbance, affecting natural conditions. In the context of water resources, the research identified the importance of the Dunas/Barreiras Aquifer for supplying the municipality, however, with discrete impacts related to water collection and analysis, well drilling and pump installations, requiring ethical and sustainable approaches. Furthermore, the research highlighted challenges related to cultural and religious events taking place in the park, such as the need for temporary infrastructure and effective and rigorous waste management. Finally, the research provided an in-depth understanding of the driving forces and anthropogenic impacts in the PCDNM, emphasizing the need for effective management, inspection and continuous monitoring measures, many of which are already mentioned in the Management Plan, a crucial component to ensure sustainability and preservation of this important environmental heritage.
Cultivo de macroalgas e desenvolvimento de extratos brutos visando produção de insumos para indústria cosmética e alimentícia
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-05-02) Rocha, Zelita Maria Santos; Teixeira, Dárlio Inácio Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4248493549858472; Moura, Maria de Fátima Vitória de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2959800336802498; Bezerra, Ranilson de Souza
Algae are used worldwide in a range of activities and have great prospecting potential in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries. In the group of marine macroalgae, the red algae Gracilaria birdiae (GB) is present on the coast of Rio Grande do Norte, being cultivated by the Associação de Maricultura e Beneficiamento de Algas de Pitangui (AMBAP), located on Pitangui beach in Extremoz/RN. GB is an important object of research for the food industry as it is a source of proteins and polysaccharides that are poorly digestible by the enzymes of the gastrointestinal tract, thus constituting a food rich in fiber and excellent for the functional diet as it is also a source of protein. However, algae are still little explored by the Brazilian food industry due to being a product poorly adapted to the Brazilian palate with food resistance to its smell and flavor. Therefore, the research challenge was to produce GB extract using an innovative fermentation technique. removing the smell and reducing its sharp taste, but maintaining its nutritional value, 5 final food products and a cosmetic product, based on GB. The algae biomass obtained can be used in the production of pastes; bakery products in general; dairy and a lot, especially, in vegan products like seaweed yogurt. The research also comparatively evaluated the cultivation techniques by AMBAP and the “Haenyeo” women on the island of Jeju in South Korea. As a final result of the comparison, a manual of conduct was produced with good techniques for managing and manipulating algae to be delivered to AMBAP women.
Otimização do processo de obtenção de biomassa da microalga Arthrospira platensis Gomont e caracterização química para fins cosméticos
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-07-02) Fernandes, Vanessa Costa; Teixeira, Dárlio Inácio Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3788733702465038; Moura, Maria de Fátima Vitória de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2959800336802498; Dantas, Danielli Matias de Macedo
Arthrospira platensis Gomont 1982, an update of the term Spirulina, is a microalgae that has many benefits and uses not only in the food sector, as an ingredient and functional active ingredient, but in the nutraceutical and cosmetic sector. The cultivation of this microalgae has been practiced for many years. We can mention the uses of microalgae: chemical products, materials, animal feed and nutraceutical food supplements, biofuels, pigments and polymers. For the environment, microalgae play an important role in generating and regulating energy, in addition to providing nutrients and oxygen to marine fauna. The work produced A. platensis biomass using a different cultivation process, with adapted reagents and obtained a standardized product for use in the cosmetic market. The work generated two chapters arising from this research. The first research was a comparative study of the qualitative and quantitative chemical composition of the biomass of the microalgae Arthrospira platensis grown in a closed system. The results demonstrated that, through physical-chemical analyses, the final quality of both biomasses obtained, have almost similar indices to each other and with results that can be comparable to food products already consumed on the market. The second research was the application of Microalgae Extract in a Natural Cosmetic Base for use in Skin Care as a sustainable alternative in skin care. The result of the second research obtained with the evaluation of the stability of the sample developed, was very satisfactory and through discussion, in line with other authors, it was possible to identify that the A. platensis Facial Cream has the possibility of being inserted in the cosmetic market, being produced using an accessible technique and with positive environmental impacts, associating the consumption of natural skin care products with ecologically correct production.
Cultivo de arthrospira platensis (spirulina) em fotobiorreator para aplicação em industria cosmética
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-06-03) Rocha, Igor Araújo de Carvalho; Lichston, Juliana Espada; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0727435909982933; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2666954261822434; Teixeira, Dárlio Inácio Alves; Nunes, Glauber Henrique de Sousa
The production of Arthrospira platensis for the cosmetic industry has been gaining incentive due to the high quantity of antioxidants, and the anti-aging activity that this Resource add to the final product. Due to the high cost of microalgae production, photobioreactors used in cultivation have been the focus of improvement, especially in the development of lower-cost equipment. Comparative tests of yield and concentration with other sources were conducted, allowing the evaluation of the new photobioreactor. The integration of this equipment into artisan communitiesin the northern region of Natal - RN, was assessed. Through physicochemical tests, proximate analysis of microalgae, FTIR analysis, and the evaluation of the overall cost of the process, it was possible to determine that the production of the constructed photobioreactor is valid for producing microalgae as an ingredient for the manufacture of cosmetic items. The positive yield results of approximately 1g/L for biomass production were also satisfactory for application for the same purpose. The acceptance of the Spirulina production from the new photobioreactors by the communities was also evaluated, with the presentation of new cosmetics using Spirulina to boost the income of the selected artisan community. The project can be classified as an excellent solution for the economic development of the northeastern region of Brazil, associating organic production techniques of Arthrospira platensis in the market.
O efeito biofertilizante de Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) nas respostas morfofenológicas de plântulas de Carthamus tinctorius L. - uma contribuição para a agricultura sustentável no semiárido
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-02-28) Costa, Daniel Ramos da; Lichston, Juliana Espada; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0727435909982933; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0383-2227; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0437364215081545; Teixeira, Dárlio Inácio Alves; Nunes, Glauber Henrique de Sousa
In recent years, there has been an intensified search for sustainable alternatives in agricultural production, aiming to increase the production of plant crops and enhance their resilience to climate and environmental changes. One valid alternative to enhance resistance to biotic and abiotic factors, soil and climatic conditions, and increase plant nutrition is the use of biofertilizers. Marine algae present a diverse range of biotechnological applications, one of which is as a plant biostimulant, providing essential nutrients and phytohormones for plant growth and development. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of applying a biofertilizer based on the marine macroalgae Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) on morphophenological responses during germination and initial growth of Carthamus tinctorius L. seedlings, as well as to assess the effects under thermal stress. The methodology involved collecting and obtaining crude liquid and lyophilized extract from the marine macroalgae for application in two concentrations of liquid biofertilizer (1 and 10%) in a germination system using Germitest paper, with five genotypes of safflower cultivars (IMAMT S525, IMAMT 1470, IMAMT 894, IMAMT 7329, and IMAMT 7529), incubated in a germination chamber with a photoperiod of 12 hours dark/12 hours light for a period of 8 days at temperatures of ± 30 and ± 35 °C. At the end of the incubation period, parameters such as germination percentage (% G) and Germination Speed Index (GSI) were evaluated, as well as phenometric parameters including shoot and root length (cm) and fresh and dry mass increments (g). The data obtained were analyzed using factorial ANOVA and Tukey test to assess the significance of the data compilation. Results showed that at concentrations of 1 and 10% of Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) biofertilizer, there were differences in plant growth and development parameters in all evaluated cultivar genotypes, especially in root length and fresh mass increment at ± 30 °C. For cultivars IMAMT 894 and IMAMT S525, at 1% biofertilizer concentration, mean values of germination and growth were higher than the control group, while cultivar IMAMT 1470 showed higher mean values at a concentration of 10% biofertilizer. Cultivar IMAMT 7329 showed higher mean values than the control group at a concentration of 10% at ± 30 °C, whereas cultivar IMAMT 7529 showed higher mean values at 1 and 10% biofertilizer concentrations at the same temperature. In conclusion, this study provided insights into the response of an organic biofertilizer of renewable and sustainable matrix as an alternative for a cultivar of agricultural interest in arid and semi-arid regions, demonstrating its viability and promising initial response for five safflower seed cultivars. Thus, contributing to the strengthening of coastal communities engaged in the cultivation and collection of marine macroalgae for bioproduct production, as well as serving as a biofertilizer alternative for use in family farming.
O futuro das espécies de plantas invasoras na Caatinga: projeções climáticas e visualização interativa
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-03-06) Silva, Carlos Leandro Costa; Lopes, Priscila Fabiana Macedo; Lucena, Rebecca Luna; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4670-265X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7007364724379098; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0025274238475995; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9808-2301; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1357487756960536; Costa, Diógenes Felix da Silva; Pimentel, Rejane Magalhães de Mendonça
The increase in invasive plant species, which can thrive in new environments despite the challenges posed by climate change, represents a significant ecological concern. In this context, the Caatinga, a seasonally dry tropical forest spanning 833,000 km², emerges as a particularly vulnerable ecosystem. Climatic fluctuations may eventually render it even more susceptible to biological invasions, opening up space for restructuring, such as the formation of communities without current analogs. To study the complexities of this vulnerability, we utilized Species Distribution Models (SDMs), projecting the future distribution of 19 plant species already recognized as invasive in the Caatinga under two contrasting climate scenarios, divided into four time intervals up to the year 2100. The modeling procedure was carried out using the Maximum Entropy algorithm (MaxEnt), which is a statistical technique used to model species distributions based on presence data and environmental variables. Presence data and variables were obtained from online databases. These data underwent treatment steps, including the removal of duplicate points and reprojection, clipping, and creating a bias surface. After creating individual models for each species, we overlaid them, resulting in consensus models that offer a more integrated view of the potentially suitable invasion areas in the Caatinga. To further explore the models, we grouped the species into trees, shrubs, herbaceous plants, and grasses. Additionally, we explored the possibility of forming communities without current analogs by the end of the century. The analyses reveal that the same areas, with average annual temperatures between 24 and 27°C and higher precipitation, are more prone to invasions in all time intervals. Trees and grasses were the life forms with a greater amount of invasion-suitable areas. Megathyrsus maximus Jacq., Cenchrus ciliaris L., Cenchrus echinatus L., Dodonaea viscosa Jacq., and Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. are the species with the highest invasion potential in both scenarios. Despite the significant projection of loss of suitable invasion areas in the Caatinga (-46.3% optimistic, -30.1% pessimistic, between the first and last time intervals), specific hotspots, such as higher altitude and more humid areas, could still form communities without analogs, particularly under ecosystemic stress induced by climate change. This raises significant concerns about the survival of native species, which are pressured by their physiological and resource limitations. In this context, the importance of relevant measures to protect the Caatinga ecosystem and halt its biodiversity loss is highlighted. This is in line with the achievement of UN Sustainable Development Goal 15 (Life on Land) of the 2030 Agenda, by adding new knowledge that can support the protection of this unique ecosystem. As a means to facilitate the dissemination of the generated results and their application in public policies, an interactive R/Shiny application was also developed to compose the second chapter of this dissertation. The R programming language was used, implementing essential libraries and functions, such as the Shiny package and complementary web technologies. SDMs for each species, by life form, and the resulting modeling consensuses were stored and organized in specific directories to facilitate script reading and promote visualization on the internet. Dynamic data (tables) were structured in separate directories to ensure efficiency in management. The hosting service identification was based on publications made between 2014 and December 2023. The initial screen design was defined to ensure a user-friendly experience. This application can be observed at https://llle.shinyapps.io/SDM_App_2024/. This tool serves as a connection between academic research and its practical application. It allows users to visualize all figures generated in species distribution modeling, understand the application development process, and thus apply this knowledge in their own research.
Avaliação e caracterização do óleo de bati (ouratea parviflora) da região de Santa Luzia de Touros/RN - potencial para indústria cosmecêutica e desenvolvimento regional
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-06-03) Rocha, Antônio Alkimim; Lichston, Juliana Espada; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0727435909982933; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8770722023870191; Teixeira, Dárlio Inácio Alves; Nunes, Glauber Henrique de Sousa
Brazil, due to its rich biological diversity, has been a catalyst for the development of research and innovation, especially in flora biodiversity. This growth has been evident in recent decades, with a particular focus on the northeast region of the country. Plants such as Ouratea parviflora, known as BATI, have aroused interest due to their unique properties, both in cooking and in herbal treatments. The present study aimed to characterize the fixed oils extracted from BATI fruits, aiming to identify their physicochemical and biochemical properties for potential applications in the cosmeceutical industry. The fruits were collected in the region of Santa Luzia de Touros, RN, and the extraction of vegetable fat was carried out through cooking, resulting in a yield of 58.02%. Laboratory analyzes identified nine fatty acids, the most predominant being oleic and palmitic, with proportions of 31.16% and 29.49%, respectively. These characteristics make the extracted oil suitable for use in cosmetic creams and emulsions, due to its emollient properties and ability to restore the oiliness of dry skin and skin with dermatological problems. Furthermore, family farmers played a crucial role in local socioeconomic development. In this context, the fruit of BATI emerged as a promising opportunity to supplement the income of these families, in a sustainable and environmentally responsible way. BATI's vegetable fat is rich in essential fatty acids and antioxidants, making it a valuable source of nutrients for the production of vegetable fat, which will serve as an input for the cosmeceutical industry. By using simple and accessible techniques, such as cooking the fruits, farmers will be able to take advantage of the resources available in the region, such as waste from the coconut process, to produce high-quality oil. This initiative has the potential to significantly improve the community's socioeconomic situation, while promoting the conservation and sustainable use of local biodiversity.
Estudo clínico-epidemiológico da infecção por Leishmania sp em um abrigo de cães em área endêmica de leishmaniose visceral na região metropolitana de Natal, Rio Grande do Norte
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2023-05-18) Silva, Alessandra Salles da; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7173-5416; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4231925509338101; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2628-0314; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0621428868147625; Navoni, Júlio Alejandro; Torres, Filipe Dantas
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) occurs as a chronic infectious anthroponzoonosis with worldwide distribution. Most cases of VL occur in Brazil, East Africa, and India with 50,000 to 90,000 new human cases annually. In 2020 more than 90% of new cases were reported in Brazil, China, Ethiopia, Eritrea, India, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan and Yemen. VL is considered an urban and public health problem associated with socio-environmental vulnerability. The domestic dog is the main animal reservoir of Leishmania infantum since it makes the correlation between rural and urban spaces and lives in public spaces and homes. The phebotomine Lutzomyia longipalpis is the vector of L. infantum. In order to provide basic care for abandoned animals, several countries and regions have shelters animals. In Brazil, many emerged in a disorganized way, overcrowded and with risks of contamination of infectious and contagious diseases among individuals. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the health status of dogs in a shelter in the metropolitan region of Natal, through physical-clinical and laboratory tests and to determine the occurrence of L. infantum infection and tick born parasites as Ehrlichia canis and Babesia sp. Initially, qualitative information was obtained from the shelter, and it was found that the animals were examined for VL according to the Ministry of Health guidelines (TR DPP® fast test oand ELISA tests) and treated according to clinical signs. In our study, 98 dogs were evaluated and physical-clinical examinations, blood collection and medullary aspirate were performed. Venous puncture was performed in the cephalic, femoral or jugular veins and 3 and 5mL were collected from each animal. L. infantum infection was confirmed by ELISA and anti-Leishmania antibody levels determined with soluble Leishmania antigens (SLA). The cutt-off was 0.392, the is value was determined based on the average of the serum results of 6 healthy animals from an area not endemic for canine VL. The bone marrow aspirate was homogenized and incubated in modified minimum essential medium (HOMEM) containing 10% of heat inactivated fetal calf serum and hemin (8 µM). The search for the parasite in each culture/aspirate was performed on alternate days by optical microscopy up to 30 days after collection. Positive isolates for Leishmania by quantitative PCR (Quiagen extraction kit) were typed with specific primers for L. infantum. The q-PCR was also used for Ehrlichia canis and Babesia sp. (SYBR green reagent -Invitrogen, Grand Island, NY, USA). DNA concentration from each sample was estimated by spectrophotometry at 260 nm. An estimate of parasite load in bone marrow aspirates was obtained through amplification of kinetoplast L. infantum DNA (kDNA) and MAG-1 using a specific set of primers and probes as previously described. DNA of E. canis and Babesia sp. were detected through a pair of primers and SYBR green reagent (Invitrogen, Grand Island, NY, USA). Thermal cycler was an initial denaturation step at 95° C for 10 minutes, followed by 40 amplification cycles (95° C for 15 seconds and 60 ° C for 60 seconds) at Quantstudio 3 qPCR Machine (Thermo-Fisher, Waltham, Massachussets, USA). CDC light traps were installed at four different points, two points in the shelter and two on private property located in a remnant area of Atlantic Forest in Nísia Floresta. Traps were set at 6 pm and removed at 6 am. Two traps were installed inside a chicken coop located in the middle of an orchard in shelter property and two traps were installed inside building where the dogs were housed. Sand flies were captured between April and December 2022. For testing the null hypothesis of no association between two categorical variables, Pearson and Fisher chi-square tests were used. To infer which predictors would be associated with a specified response variable, commonly associated with the risk of VL, a generalized linear models (GLM) were used. Presence of anti-Leishmania antibodies was estimated by the optical density (OD) of the ELISA reaction using a SLA and OD results were used in the statistical analysis. Of the 98 dogs, 70% came from the municipality of Parnamirim, followed by Natal, São Gonçalo do Amarante, Nísia Floresta and Macaíba. The most frequent clinical signs suggestive of canVL were skin lesions, onychogryphosis and conjunctivitis. Dogs older than 7 years were more likely to be positive for Leishmania than the ones younger than 1 year. Of the DNA samples 19% were positive for L. infantum. The qPCR for E. canis and B. canis infections showed that 22% dogs were positive for E. canis and 18% were positive for the protozoan Babesia sp. According to the GLM model, there was no influence of Ehrlichia and Babesia infection results on L. infantum ELISA test or qPCR. The relationship between pathogens and deaths were significant for L. infantum MAG (P < 0.01) and Ehrlichia (P = 0.04). For dogs with positive for MAG1 the odds of dying were increased by a factor of 4.55; whereas if they were positive for Ehrlichia canis the odds of dying increased by a factor of 2.75. No association was found for death and Babesia infection. L. longipalpis was the most frequent species of sand fly captured in the shelter, being more abundant in the dog shelter (96%) followed by a chicken coop on the private property. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) is the gold standard test for quantifying the parasite load. It can be used to diagnose and monitor infection during treatment. This study also showed that presence of Leishmania DNA correlated with level of anti-leishmania antibodies. Finally, the lack of population control and abandonment of dogs can cause health, social and environmental disorders in underdeveloped countries or regions. The ecossistems instability, high density of animals and infectious diseases in shelters in endemic areas can increase the spread of diseases, favoring the transmission of L. infantum. The population management of dogs in urban areas requires educational measures and requires the implementation of public, sanitary and ecological policies that are environmentally sustainable, inserting themselves in the concept of one health and benefiting both animals and people.
O silêncio administrativo e a efetividade do licenciamento ambiental no âmbito do município de Tibau do Sul - Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2023-12-18) Silva, Priscila Freire da; Alves, Daniel Durante Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0105245515649663; Silva, Carlos Sérgio Gurgel da; Lucena, Rebecca Luna
This research examines the effectiveness of socio-environmental licensing, a central instrument of the National Environmental Policy (Art. 9, IV), in the context of administrative silence in Tibau do Sul, RN. The study focuses on the legal consequences of this silence, evidenced in the actions of the State Public Ministry (MPE-RN) and the Federal Public Ministry (MPF-RN) between 2016 and 2020. Three main questions guide the investigation: How do the MPF-RN and MPE-RN observe the administrative silence in their extrajudicial procedures and legal proceedings that deal with environmental licensing of tourist developments in Tibau do Sul, during the period from 2016 to 2020? (2) What are the socio-environmental normative developments that make this identification possible? (3) What are the implications for the effectiveness of environmental licensing of tourist developments in Tibau do Sul, through the identification of cases of administrative silence in the procedures and legal processes of MPE-RN and MPF-RN? The methodology adopted is interdisciplinary, combining theoretical, normative and jurisprudential analysis to address these issues. The dissertation is structured into three main chapters: the first, of a more theoretical and comprehensive nature, addresses the Environmental Rule of Law, sustainability and public policies, interconnecting environmental licensing and administrative silence. There is an institutional and regulatory crisis that affects the environmental management intended by licensing. The second chapter investigates how the MPF-RN addresses administrative silence, identifying the relevant normative developments. Finally, the third chapter evaluates the implications of this silence on the effectiveness of environmental licensing in Tibau do Sul. In the final considerations, based on a cross-reflection of the three chapters, guidelines are suggested for more effective state and social action in environmental protection. It is recommended that both the government and civil society intensify monitoring and inspection of environmental licensing, with the support of institutions such as the MPF, to guarantee the defense of collective rights and environmental sustainability.
Polimorfismo genético como instrumento de biomonitoramento de suscetibilidade à radiação natural
(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2024-03-08) Paiva, Ruann Ramires Nunes; Amaral, Viviane Souza do; Navoni, Julio Alejandro; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8715-0527; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4452348339839616; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9326-9054; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4440806451383783; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0578801931278720; Freire, Eliza Maria Xavier; Sinigaglia, Marialva
The polymorphic study of the GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes in populations chronically exposed to radon gas is essential for understanding the susceptibility of these groups to diseases associated with alpha radiation. The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of chronic exposure to alpha particles through radon inhalation, especially in the semi-arid region of Potiguar, using genetic polymorphism as a tool for susceptibility biomonitoring. Initially, a bibliometric method was used to analyze the use of polymorphism studies of GSTT1 and GSTM1 and potential gaps in scientific production involving the mentioned genes as susceptibility markers against exposure to different substances including environmental xenobiotics. Subsequently, a study was conducted comparing the frequency of polymorphisms in two localities, one with proven high levels of radon exposure and another with low exposure. For this purpose, extraction, polymerization, and electrophoresis methods were used on biological samples to obtain genomic information. Additionally, demographic information of the volunteers was collected to assess the genetic and social factors involved. Thus, it was possible to identify gaps in research involving the mentioned genes and describe the phenotypic frequency of population groups in the region, establishing therefore a set of necessary information to evaluate the susceptibility of tested individuals to the carcinogenic process.

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