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Report of a father with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens fathering a child with beare–stevenson syndrome
(Frontiers In Genetics, 2020) Dantas Junior, Jose Hipolito; Ferreira, Leonardo Capistrano
Background: Apert, Pfeiffer, and Crouzon syndromes are autosomal dominant diseases characterized by craniosynostosis. They are paternal age effect disorders. The association between paternal age and Beare–Stevenson syndrome (BSS), a very rare and severe craniosynostosis, is uncertain. Gain-of-function mutations in FGFR2 become progressively enriched in testes as men age and were shown to cause these syndromes. Case report: Here, we describe a child affected with BSS, whose father was 36 years old and had congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD). The child was heterozygous for the pathogenic FGFR2 variant c.1124A > G p.Tyr375Cys. By reviewing the literature, we found that BSS fathers are older than BSS mothers (mean age in years: 39 ± 10 vs 30 ± 6, p = 0.006). Male age greater than 34 years and CBAVD are both factors associated with poor spermogram parameters, which may represent an additional selective pressure to sperm carrying FGFR2 gain-of-function mutations. Conclusion: These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that BSS is a paternalorigin genetic disorder. Further experimental studies would be needed to confirm this hypothesis.
Frequency of stroke types at an emergency hospital in Natal, Brazil
(Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, 2007) Dourado Junior, Mário Emílio Teixeira; Martins Junior, Antonio N.N.; Figueiredo, Marcelo Marinho de; Rocha, Orlandil D.; Ferreira, Maria Angela Fernandes; Jeronimo, Selma Maria Bezerra; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9462-2294
Realizamos um estudo de prevalência para determinar a freqüência dos tipos de acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) num hospital de urgência de Natal. Estudaram-se todos os pacientes que foram admitidos no hospital de urgência com diagnóstico presuntivo de AVC. Dos 416 pacientes, 328 foram estudados, 88 foram excluídos por não cumprirem os critérios de inclusão, 74,7% (n= 245) tiveram AVC isquêmico, 17,7% (n=58) hemorragia intracerebral e 7,6% (n=25) hemorragia subaracnóidea. O gênero mais prevalente foi o masculino (52,7%). A média de idade foi 64,1 anos. A letalidade intra-hospitalar foi de 10,2%, 17,2% e 36% para o tipo isquêmico, hemorrágico e hemorragia subaracnóide, respectivamente. O principal fator de risco modificável foi a hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) para AVC isquêmico (67,6%) e AVC hemorrágico (57,8%). A regressão logística identificou diabetes como fator de risco independente para AVC isquêmico (OR=3,70; IC=1,76-7,77). O AVC isquêmico foi o tipo mais comum. HAS e diabetes foram importantes fatores de risco
No association between FCGR2A and FCGR3A polymorphisms in Guillain-Barré Syndrome in a Brazilian population
(Elsevier, 2016) Dourado Junior, Mário Emílio Teixeira; Ferreira, Leonardo Capistrano; Freire Neto, Francisco Paulo; Jeronimo, Selma M.B.; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9462-2294
The pathogenesis of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is not entirely understood, but includes infection-induced aberrant immune responses. Genetic polymorphisms in Fc gamma receptor genes (FCGR) have been associated with GBS. We assessed whether polymorphisms rs1801274 in FCGR2A and rs396991 in FCGR3A were associated with GBS in a Brazilian population. We genotyped 141 GBS cases and 364 healthy controls from Brazil for both polymorphisms. The FCGR genotypes and alleles frequencies did not differ significantly between GBS and controls. In addition, there was no genetic association with either severity or clinical outcomes. We conclude that these FCGR polymorphisms are not associated with susceptibility to Guillain-Barré Syndrome in this Brazilian population.
Egos has a reduced capacity to predicts GBS prognosis in Northeast Brazil
(Wiley, 2018) Dourado Junior, Mário Emílio Teixeira; Fernandes, Ugor T.; Ramos, Eugênio S.; Vital, Ana L. F.; Urbano, João C. C.; Queiroz, José W.; Jeronimo, Selma M. B.; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9462-2294
Objective: The Erasmus Guillain Barre Outcome Score (EGOS) is a prognostic model that predicts the chance of being able to walk independently at 6 months after Guillain Barré syndrome (GBS). This study was conducted aiming to determine the validity of EGOS in a Brazilian population.Material and Methods: Data collected from GBS patients in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, were used to determine the validity of EGOS. GBS disability score was as-sessed in the second week of disease and at 6 months.Results: A total of 206 subjects were studied. The Brazilian patients were younger, with a more severe clinical presentation, with higher percentage of cranial nerve in-volvement and upper respiratory infection. There was no difference relative to sex or presence of anti- gangliosides antibodies. The demyelinating variant was more com-mon (73.9%). However, only 24% of the Brazilians with EGOS 5.5-7 were not able to walk after 6 months, compared to 52% to European Group. Nine patients (3.8%) pre-sented nodopathies, of these four had an EGOS >5, but only one of the latter group was unable to walk after 6 months of GBS.Conclusions: Erasmus Guillain Barre Outcome Score was not a good predictor for the ability to walk after 6 months of GBS in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Differences could be that the Brazilian GBS were younger, or alternatively, it could be due to a different infection profile or in the incidence of nodopathies.
Phenolic profile and antioxidant activity from peels and seeds of melon (Cucumis melo L. var. reticulatus) and their antiproliferative effect in cancer cells
(Associação Brasileira de Divulgação Científica, 2018) Santos, Everaldo Silvino dos; Rolim, Priscilla Moura; Fidelis, Gabriel Pereira; Padilha, Carlos Eduardo de Araújo; Rocha, Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira; Macedo, Gorete Ribeiro de
Melon (Cucumis melo L.) has high economic value and in recent years, its production has increased; however, part of the fruit is wasted. Usually, inedible parts such as peel and seeds are discarded during processing and consumption. Extracts of melon residues were prepared and their phenolic compounds, antioxidants and antiproliferative activities were evaluated. Total phenolic compounds were found in hydroethanolic, hydromethanolic, and aqueous extracts, especially for melon peel (1.016 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g). Flavonoids total content found for melon peel aqueous extract was 262 mg of catechin equivalent (CA)/ 100 g. In all extracts of melon peel significant amounts of gallic acid, catechin, and eugenol were found. For total antioxidant capacity, reported as ascorbic acid equivalent, the hydroethanolic and hydromethanolic extracts in peels and hydromethanolic in seeds were 89, 74, and 83 mg/g, respectively. Different extracts of melon showed iron and copper ions chelating activity at different concentrations, especially melon peel aqueous extract, reaching values of 61% for iron and 84% for copper. The hydroethanolic extract of melon peel presented a significant ability for hydroxyl radicals scavenging (68%). To assess the antiproliferative potential in human cancer cell lines, such as kidney carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, cervical adenocarcinoma and cervical carcinoma, MTT assay was performed. The proliferation was inhibited by 20–85% at extracts concentrations of 0.1–1.0 mg/mL in all cancer cell lines. The results suggest that melon residues extracts display a high antioxidant activity in in vitro assays and have effective biological activity against the growth of human tumor cells.
Cytotoxicity of chitosan oligomers produced by crude enzyme extract from the fungus metarhizium anisopliae in hepg2 and hela cells
(Hilaris Publisher, 2012) Santos, Everaldo Silvino dos; Assis, Cristiane Fernandes de; Melo-Silveira, Raniere Fagundes; Oliveira, Ruth Medeiros de; Costa, Leandro Silva; Rocha, Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira; Macedo, Gorete Ribeiro de
Chitooligosaccharides exhibit biological activities, including antitumor, antimicrobial and antioxidant. In this study we used a mixture of chitooligosaccharides produced by enzymatic hydrolysis in two tumor cell lines and assessed the cell proliferation and cytotoxicity of these compounds. The proliferation of HeLa cells was inhibited around by 60%
Fractional recovery of oleaginous bioactive produced by Rhodotorula mucilaginosa CCT3892 using deep eutectic solvents
(Elsevier, 2020-12) Santos, Everaldo Silvino dos; Costa, Willyan Araújo da; Padilha, Carlos Eduardo de Araújo; Dantas, Júlia Maria de Medeiros; Silva, Maylla Maria Correia Leite; Rocha, Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira; Silva, Flávio Luiz Honorato da; Ferrari, Márcio
The use of four choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents (DES) in the recovery of oleaginous compounds from Rhodotorula mucilaginosa CCT3892 cells were investigated in this study, focusing on a novelty treatment to recovery mini-compounds intercellular produced by the yeast, as alternative for conventional methods. Regarding DES ability to improve the yeast permeability for an eventual oil-lipids recovery, it was noticed that all solvents were as efficient as a hydrochloride acid treatment, presenting a recovery percentage above 100.0% in relation untreated cells extraction. The best total carotenoid recovery was achieved using DES synthetized with choline chloride an glycerol (ChGy treatment) (0.110 ± 0.005 mg.mL−1). DES promoted a fractional recovery of carotenoids being such process for R. mucilaginosa mentioned for the first time in this paper. Thus, showing potential to be used in the industry once the solvent preserved the antioxidant activity of carotenoids and exhibit moderated cytotoxicity
Mulheres com risco cardiovascular após pré-eclâmpsia: há seguimento no Sistema Único de Saúde?
(Universidade de São Paulo (USP), 2014-01) Silva, Maria de Lourdes Costa da; Galvão, Ana Cristina Araújo de Andrade; Souza, Nilba Lima de; Azevedo, George Dantas de; Jerônimo, Selma Maria Bezerra; Araújo, Ana Cristina Pinheiro Fernandes de
Objetivos: identificar mulheres com risco cardiovascular, cinco anos após a pré-eclâmpsia, e averiguar o seguimento dessas mulheres no Sistema Único de Saúde, em Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. Métodos: estudo exploratório, quantitativo, realizado na Maternidade Escola Januário Cicco, em Natal. A amostra foi de 130 mulheres, 65 com pré-eclâmpsia e 65 normotensas. Resultados: constatou-se diferença estatística significativa no que se refere ao índice de massa corpórea, peso, histórico familiar de doenças cardiovasculares e complicação cardiovascular entre as mulheres com pré-eclâmpsia prévia e as normotensas. Os grupos desconheciam os fatores de risco cardiovasculares e, além disso, referiam dificuldades de acesso aos serviços de atenção primária. Conclusões: as mulheres com histórico de pré-eclâmpsia possuíam risco aumentado de desenvolver doenças cardiovasculares, desconheciam as complicações tardias dessa doença e não recebiam seguimento ambulatorial diferenciado em relação às normotensas
Anticoagulant, antioxidant and antitumor activities of heterofucans from the seaweed Dictyopteris delicatula
(MDPI, 2011-05-23) Magalhaes, Kaline Dantas; Costa, Leandro Silva; Fidelis, Gabriel Pereira; Oliveira, Ruth Medeiros; Nobre, Leonardo Thiago Duarte Barreto; Dantas-Santos, Nednaldo; Câmara, Rafael Barros Gomes da; Albuquerque, Ivan Rui Lopes; Cordeiro, Sara Lima; Sabry, Diego Araujo; Costa, Mariana Santana Santos Pereira; Alves, Luciana Guimaraes; Rocha, Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira
In the present study, six families of sulfated polysaccharides were obtained from seaweed Dictyopteris delicatula by proteolytic digestion, followed by acetone fractionation and molecular sieving on Sephadex G-100. Chemical analyses demonstrated that all polysaccharides contain heterofucans composed mainly of fucose, xylose, glucose, galactose, uronic acid, and sulfate. The fucans F0.5v and F0.7v at 1.0 mg/mL showed high ferric chelating activity (~45%), whereas fucans F1.3v (0.5 mg/mL) showed considerable reducing power, about 53.2% of the activity of vitamin C. The fucan F1.5v presented the most prominent anticoagulant activity. The best antiproliferative activity was found with fucans F1.3v and F0.7v. However, F1.3v activity was much higher than F0.7v inhibiting almost 100% of HeLa cell proliferation. These fucans have been selected for further studies on structural characterization as well as in vivo experiments, which are already in progress
Heterofucan from Sargassum filipendula induces apoptosis in HeLa cells
(MDPI, 2011-04-14) Costa, Leandro Silva; Telles, Cinthia Beatrice Silva; Oliveira, Ruth Medeiros; Nobre, Leonardo Thiago Duarte Barreto; Dantas-Santos, Nednaldo; Câmara, Rafael Barros Gomes da; Costa, Mariana Santana Santos Pereira; Almeida-Lima, Jailma; Melo-Silveira, Raniere Fagundes; Albuquerque, Ivan Rui Lopes; Leite, Edda Lisboa; Rocha, Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira
Fucan is a term used to denominate a family of sulfated polysaccharides rich in sulfated L-fucose. Heterofucan SF-1.5v was extracted from the brown seaweed Sargassum filipendula by proteolytic digestion followed by sequential acetone precipitation. This fucan showed antiproliferative activity on Hela cells and induced apoptosis. However, SF-1.5v was not able to activate caspases. Moreover, SF-1.5v induced glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) activation, but this protein is not involved in the heterofucan SF-1.5v induced apoptosis mechanism. In addition, ERK, p38, p53, pAKT and NFκB were not affected by the presence of SF-1.5v. We determined that SF-1.5v induces apoptosis in HeLa mainly by mitochondrial release of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) into cytosol. In addition, SF-1.5v decreases the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and increased expression of apoptogenic protein Bax. These results are significant in that they provide a mechanistic framework for further exploring the use of SF-1.5v as a novel chemotherapeutics against human cervical cancer
Heterofucans from the brown seaweed Canistrocarpus cervicornis with anticoagulant and antioxidant activities
(MDPI, 2011-01-24) Camara, Rafael Barros Gomes; Costa, Leandro Silva; Fidelis, Gabriel Pereira; Nobre, Leonardo Thiago Duarte Barreto; Dantas-Santos, Nednaldo; Cordeiro, Sara Lima; Costa, Mariana Santana Santos Pereira; Alves, Luciana Guimaraes; Rocha, Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira
Fucan is a term used to denominate a family of sulfated polysaccharides rich in sulfated L-fucose. We extracted six fucans from Canistrocarpus cervicornis by proteolytic digestion followed by sequential acetone precipitation. These heterofucans are composed mainly of fucose, glucuronic acid, galactose and sulfate. No polysaccharide was capable of prolonging prothrombin time (PT) at the concentration assayed. However, all polysaccharides prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). Four sulfated polysaccharides (CC-0.3/CC-0.5/CC-0.7/CC-1.0) doubled aPTT with only 0.1 mg/mL of plasma, only 1.25-fold less than Clexane®, a commercial low molecular weight heparin. Heterofucans exhibited total antioxidant capacity, low hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, good superoxide radical scavenging efficiency (except CC-1.0), and excellent ferrous chelating ability (except CC-0.3). These results clearly indicate the beneficial effect of C. cervicornis polysaccharides as anticoagulants and antioxidants. Further purification steps and additional studies on structural features as well as in vivo experiments are needed to test the viability of their use as therapeutic agents
Dual insecticidal effects of Adenanthera Pavonina kunitz-type inhibitor on Plodia Interpunctella is mediated by digestive enzymes inhibition and chitin-binding properties
(MDPI, 2019-11-28) Oliveira, Caio Fernando Ramalho de; Flores, Taylla Michelle de Oliveira; Cardoso, Marlon Henrique; Oshiro, Karen Garcia Nogueira; Russi, Raphael; França, Anderson Felipe Jácome de; Santos, Elizeu Antunes dos; Franco, Octávio Luiz; Oliveira, Adeliana Silva de; Migliolo, Ludovico
The Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella, is one of the most damaging pests of stored products. We investigated the insecticidal properties of ApKTI, a Kunitz trypsin inhibitor from Adenanthera pavonina seeds, against P. interpunctella larvae through bioassays with artificial diet. ApKTI-fed larvae showed reduction of up to 88% on larval weight and 75% in survival. Trypsin enzymes extracted from P. interpunctella larvae were inhibited by ApKTI, which also demonstrated capacity to bind to chitin. Kinetic studies revealed a non-competitive inhibition mechanism of ApKTI for trypsin, which were further corroborated by molecular docking studies. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that ApKTI exhibits a hydrophobic pocket near the reactive site loop probably involved in chitin interactions. Taken together, these data suggested that the insecticidal activity of ApKTI for P. interpunctella larvae involves a dual and promiscuous mechanisms biding to two completely different targets. Both processes might impair the P. interpunctella larval digestive process, leading to larvae death before reaching the pupal stage. Further studies are encouraged using ApKTI as a biotechnological tool to control insect pests in field conditions
Antitryptical, anticoagulant and hemagglutinating activities of Eucalyptus sp. seeds
(F1000Research, 2019-01-08) Santos, Yago Queiroz dos; Carelli, Gabriella Silva Campos; Veras, Bruno Oliveira de; Batista, Virgínia Cunha; França, Anderson Felipe Jácome de; Silva, Márcia Vanusa da; Santos, Elizeu Antunes dos
Background: Plant biodiversity has great value for science being an inexhaustible source for new bioactive molecules capable of offering environmentally friendly and innovative solutions for various areas of the industry. The scientific community has increased their interest in the study of plant species in the search of new molecules and to determine their mechanisms of action. Plant seeds are natural sources of bioactive compounds, such as carbohydrates, lipids and proteins with special focus on enzymatic inhibitors which protect them against digestive enzymes of phytopathogens and lectins that play an important role on carbohydrate signalization and metabolism during germination. The objective of the present study was to evaluate and describe the protein profile and to test the hemagglutinating, hemolytic and anticoagulant activities, as well as the antitryptic effect of extracts and fractions obtained from seeds of Eucalyptus species. Methods: The crude protein extract was obtained from the seed of Eucalyptus sp. with 0.02 M sodium phosphate buffer, at pH 6.6, and fractionated using ammonium sulfate in order to study its antitryptical properties as well as the capacity of hemagglutination and influence on hemostasis. Results: The crude extract showed a high effectiveness for trypsin inhibition. For hemagglutinating activity, the ammonium sulfate fraction 0-30% presented better activity, while no hemolytic activity was present in the obtained fractions. For anticoagulation assay, the fraction 0-30% showed better results. Conclusions: Taken together, the obtained results demonstrate the biotechnological potential of Eucalyptus sp. seeds, although further study is still necessary to better isolate as well as describe the bioactive compounds
Evaluation of the antiproliferative activity of 2-amino thiophene derivatives against human cancer cells lines
(Elsevier, 2016-12) Aguiar, Andreza Conception Véras de; Moura, Ricardo Olímpio de; Mendonça Junior, Jaime Francisco Bezerra; Rocha, Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira; Câmara, Rafael Barros Gomes da; Schiavon, Manuela dos Santos Carvalho
In spite of great progress in understanding cancer biology, current therapeutic procedures remain unsatisfactory. Chemotherapy is often followed by secondary effects with cellular toxicity negatively affecting the results. The discovery and development of new safe and efficient antitumor agents is necessary. Derivatives of 2-amino thiophene have been a topic of constant investigation due to their versatile synthetic applicability and broad spectrum of biological applications; among which are antifungal and antiproliferative activity shown in prior studies of our group. In the current study, compounds 6CN09, 6CN10, 6CN12, 6CN14, 7CN09 and 7CN11 were analyzed as to antiproliferative effect in human cells of cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa), human pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PANC-1) and mice fibroblasts (3T3), which were exposed to the compounds in concentrations of 5, 10, 25 and 50mM during 24 and 48 h. They were submitted to MTT assay. In order to elucidate the action mechanism of antitumor thiophene derivatives flow cytometry was performed to evaluate cell death and cell cycle analysis. The results showed that thiophene derivatives demonstrated great antiproliferative potential in the HeLa and PANC-1 cell lines when compared with the control, and the percentage of cell proliferation inhibition approximated or was higher than the standard drug used; doxorubicin (Dox). In highlight were the derivatives 6CN14 and 7CN09 that showed greater efficiency in the antiproliferative evaluation. Further, all compounds had a protective effect on the non-tumor 3T3 cell line. The flow cytometry analysis showed few cells in apoptosis in both the HeLa and PANC-1 lines, although the compounds interfered with the progression of the cell cycle, and avoided cell growth and multiplication in the HeLa tumor line. These thiophene derivatives demonstrated cytostatic and antiproliferative effects and may be considered as promising molecular candidates for anticancer drugs
Proteolysis, NaOH and ultrasound-enhanced extraction of anticoagulant and antioxidant sulfated polysaccharides from the edible seaweed, Gracilaria birdiae
(MDPI, 2014-11-13) Fidelis, Gabriel Pereira; Câmara, Rafael Barros Gomes da; Queiroz, Moacir Fernandes; Costa, Mariana Santana Santos Pereira; Santos, Pablo Castro; Rocha, Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira; Costa, Leandro Silva
The sulfated polysaccharides (SP) from the edible red seaweed, Gracilaria birdiae, were obtained using five different extraction conditions: Gracilaria birdiae 1 (GB1)-water; GB1s-water/sonication; GB1sp-water/sonication/proteolysis; GB2s-NaOH/sonication; and GB2sp-NaOH/sonication/proteolysis. The yield (g) increased in the following order: GB2sp > GB1sp > GB2s > GB1s > GB1. However, the amount of SP extracted increased in a different way: GB2sp > GB1 > GB1sp > GB1s > GB2s. Infrared and electrophoresis analysis showed that all conditions extracted the same SP. In addition, monosaccharide composition showed that ultrasound promotes the extraction of polysaccharides other than SP. In the prothrombin time (PT) test, which evaluates the extrinsic coagulation pathway, none of the samples showed anticoagulant activity. While in the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) test, which evaluates the intrinsic coagulation pathway, all samples showed anticoagulant activity, except GB2s. The aPTT activity decreased in the order of GB1sp > GB2sp > GB1 > GB1s > GB2s. The total capacity antioxidant (TCA) of the SP was also affected by extraction condition, since GB2s and GB1 showed lower activity in comparison to the other conditions. In conclusion, the conditions of SP extraction influence their biological activities and chemical composition. The data revealed that NaOH/sonication/proteolysis was the best condition to extract anticoagulant and antioxidant SPs from Gracilaria birdiae
In vitro anticoagulant and antioxidant activities of Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (Euphorbiaceae) leaves aiming therapeutical applications
(BMC, 2014-10-20) Félix-Silva, Juliana; Souza, Thiago; Câmara, Rafael Barros Gomes da; Cabral, Bárbara; Silva-Júnior, Arnóbio Antônio da; Rebecchi, Ivanise Marina Moretti; Zucolotto, Silvana Maria; Rocha, Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira; Fernandes-Pedrosa, Matheus de Freitas
Background: Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (Euphorbiaceae) is a medicinal plant largely used in folk medicine. Teas from the leaves are popularly used as an antithrombotic agent and the branches are frequently employed as a “thick blood” agent. Considering that the anticoagulant activity associated with antioxidant properties could be beneficial for various cardiovascular diseases, this study’s aim is the evaluation of anticoagulant and antioxidant activities of J. gossypiifolia leaves, seeking new therapeutic purposes for this plant. Methods: The aqueous leaf crude extract (CE) was prepared by decoction and was fractionated by liquid-liquid partition with solvents of increasing polarity. The phytochemical analysis was performed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and by the spectrophotometric quantification of sugars, proteins and phenolic compounds. The anticoagulant activity was evaluated by prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) tests. The capacity to act in the fibrinolytic system (fibrinolytic and fibrinogenolytic activities) was also assessed. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by total antioxidant capacity, reducing power, copper chelating activity, iron chelating activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and superoxide radical scavenging assays. The potential toxicity was evaluated using hemolytic assay and the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay on HEK-293 cells. Results: CE showed significant anticoagulant activity in aPTT test, while no action was observed in PT test, suggesting a preferential action toward the intrinsic and/or common pathway of coagulation. No effect was observed in the fibrinolytic system. Using the aPTT test, it was observed that the residual aqueous (RA) fraction was the most active, being two times more active than CE. RA presented very significant antioxidant activity in all models tested comparable to or even higher than CE. Regarding the safety, CE and RA did not produce significant cytotoxicity in both tests employed. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, proteins, tannins, steroids and/or terpenoids and sugars. Conclusions: CE and RA possessed significant anticoagulant and antioxidant activity and absence of cytotoxic effect in vitro, thus showing the potential of the plant, especially RA fraction, as a new source of bioactive molecules for therapeutic purposes, with particular emphasis on the treatment of cardiovascular diseases
Aqueous leaf extract of Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (Euphorbiaceae) inhibits enzymatic and biological actions of Bothrops jararaca snake venom
(Public Library of Science, 2014-08-15) Félix-Silva, Juliana; Souza, Thiago; Menezes, Yamara A. S.; Cabral, Bárbara; Câmara, Rafael Barros Gomes da; Silva-Junior, Arnóbio Antonio da; Rocha, Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira; Rebecchi, Ivanise Marina Moretti; Langassner, Silvana Maria Zucolotto; Fernandes-Pedrosa, Matheus de Freitas
Snakebites are a serious public health problem due their high morbi-mortality. The main available specific treatment is the antivenom serum therapy, which has some disadvantages, such as poor neutralization of local effects, risk of immunological reactions, high cost and difficult access in some regions. In this context, the search for alternative therapies is relevant. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antiophidic properties of Jatropha gossypiifolia, a medicinal plant used in folk medicine to treat snakebites. The aqueous leaf extract of the plant was prepared by decoction and phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of sugars, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenes and/or steroids and proteins. The extract was able to inhibit enzymatic and biologic activities induced by Bothrops jararaca snake venom in vitro and in vivo. The blood incoagulability was efficiently inhibited by the extract by oral route. The hemorrhagic and edematogenic local effects were also inhibited, the former by up to 56% and the latter by 100%, in animals treated with extract by oral and intraperitoneal routes, respectively. The inhibition of myotoxic action of B. jararaca reached almost 100%. According to enzymatic tests performed, it is possible to suggest that the antiophidic activity may be due an inhibitory action upon snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs) and/or serine proteinases (SVSPs), including fibrinogenolytic enzymes, clotting factors activators and thrombin like enzymes (SVTLEs), as well upon catalytically inactive phospholipases A2 (Lys49 PLA2). Antiinflammatory activity, at least partially, could also be related to the inhibition of local effects. Additionally, protein precipitating and antioxidant activities may also be important features contributing to the activity presented. In conclusion, the results demonstrate the potential antiophidic activity of J. gossypiifolia extract, including its significant action upon local effects, suggesting that it may be used as a new source of bioactive molecules against bothropic venom
Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC exhibits an anti-Adipogenic effect by inhibiting the expression of proteins involved in adipocyte differentiation
(MDPI, 2017-06-12) Nascimento, Daniele de Souza Marinho do; Oliveira, Ruth Medeiros; Câmara, Rafael Barros Gomes da; Gomes, Dayanne Lopes; Monte, Jessika Fernanda Santiago; Costa, Mariana Santana Santos Pereira; Fernandes, Júlia Moraes; Langassner, Silvana Maria Zucolotto; Rocha, Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira
Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC (gorse) is a plant popularly used for the treatment of obesity. In this study, we prepared three B. trimera extracts aqueous extract (AE), decoction (AE-D), and methanol extract (ME) and investigated their antioxidant effects in six different tests and their anti-adipogenic effect in 3T3-L1 cells. The extracts showed a dose-dependent antioxidant activity in all tests. AE was the most potent antioxidant in copper and ferric ion chelation assays, whereas AE-D was the most potent in superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays, reducing power assay, and total antioxidant capacity analysis. Only ME showed a cytotoxic effect against 3T3-L1 cells. Lipid accumulation decreased in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in the presence of AE and AE-D extracts (0.5 to 1.0 mg/mL). In addition, the extracts dramatically attenuated the levels of adipogenic transcriptional factors, including CCAAT enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), CCAAT enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ), and gamma receptors by peroxisome proliferators (PPARγ), during adipogenesis. AE-D (1.0 mg/mL) caused an approximately 90% reduction in the levels of these molecules. We propose that B. trimera has an anti-adipogenic effect and could be used in the development of functional foods
In Vivo evaluation of the antioxidant activity and protective action of the seaweed Gracilaria birdiae
(Hindawi, 2018-08-01) Barros-Gomes, Joanna Angelis Costa; Nascimento, Daiany Laise Araújo; Silveira, Ana Cristina Rodrigues; Silva, Rayanne Kelly; Gomes, Dayane Lopes; Melo, Karoline Rachel Teodosio; Almeida-Lima, Jailma; Câmara, Rafael Barros Gomes da; Silva, Naisandra Bezerra; Rocha, Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira
The red seaweed Gracilaria birdiae (GB) is farmed and used as food in northeast Brazil. However, the economic potential of this seaweed has been explored little. To enable direct consumption and/or product diversification from GB, it is necessary to evaluate its effect in vivo. In this study, the food of mice was improved with the addition of GB. After 21 days, the consumption of seaweed reduced the weight gain and blood glucose levels in mice. In addition, it increased the trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity and glutathione reductase and catalase levels compared to those of the control group. In addition, some mice also received carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). In this case, histological, enzymatic, and antioxidant tests showed that the seaweed could protect animals from damage caused by this toxic agent. In addition, GB aqueous extract (AE) inhibited 50% of 3T3-L1 cell differentiation into adipocytes, whereas GB ethanolic extract was not effective. AE is composed mainly of sulfated polysaccharides. The results of the present study indicate that the alga GB protected the mice from CCl4-induced damage, indicating that the seaweed exhibits protective action in vivo. In addition, GB decreased the animal weight gain, which was mainly due to the action of the sulfated polysaccharides synthesized by this seaweed
Commercial fucoidans from Fucus vesiculosus can be grouped into antiadipogenic and adipogenic agents
(MDPI, 2018-06-04) Oliveira, Ruth Medeiros; Câmara, Rafael Barros Gomes da; Monte, Jessyka Fernanda Santiago; Viana, Rony Lucas Silva; Melo, Karoline Rachel Teodosio; Queiroz, Moacir Fernandes; Filgueira, Luciana Guimarães Alves; Oyama, Lila Missae; Rocha, Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira
Fucus vesiculosus is a brown seaweed used in the treatment of obesity. This seaweed synthesizes various bioactive molecules, one of them being a sulfated polysaccharide known as fucoidan (FF). This polymer can easily be found commercially, and has antiadipogenic and lipolytic activity. Using differential precipitation with acetone, we obtained four fucoidan-rich fractions (F0.5/F0.9/F1.1/F2.0) from FF. These fractions contain different proportions of fucose:glucuronic acid:galactose:xylose:sulfate, and also showed different electrophoretic mobility and antioxidant activity. Using 3T3-L1 adipocytes, we found that all samples had lipolytic action, especially F2.0, which tripled the amount of glycerol in the cellular medium. Moreover, we observed that FF, F1.0, and F2.0 have antiadipogenic activity, as they inhibited the oil red staining by cells at 40%, 40%, and 50%, respectively. In addition, they decreased the expression of key proteins of adipogenic differentiation (C/EBPα, C/EBPβ, and PPARγ). However, F0.5 and F0.9 stimulated the oil red staining at 80% and increased the expression of these proteins. Therefore, these fucoidan fractions have an adipogenic effect. Overall, the data show that F2.0 has great potential to be used as an agent against obesity as it displays better antioxidant, lipolytic and antiadipogenic activities than the other fucoidan fractions that we tested

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