Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais
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Doctoral Thesis Agricultura familiar e os desafios para o desenvolvimento sustentável: do acesso aos mercados institucionais à resiliência contra choques no sistema alimentar(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2023-02-28) Chaves, Viviany Moura; Costa, João Bosco Araújo da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4418972852075556; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9654-7152; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4551073538164961; Jacob, Michelle Cristine Medeiros; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4881-7285; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1788932483645882; Araújo, Fábio Resende de; Oliveira, César José de; Rocha, Maria CeciliaIn times of health, economic, and political crises, food systems are exposed to shocks and tensions that can compromise global food stability. The vulnerability of these systems can disrupt supply chains and the livelihoods of family farmers, exacerbating poverty and food insecurity in rural areas. In this context, the inclusion of farmer families in institutional markets is seen as an effective risk management strategy to minimize these impacts. However, several difficulties still limit farmers' participation in these markets. Our study aimed to investigate the challenges faced by family farming in accessing institutional markets and analyze their resilience capacity in the face of shocks in a local food system. Our research considered two final products. In the first, through a systematic review, we identified problems that limit family farming's participation in institutional markets focused on school feeding at a global level. In the second, through a cross-sectional study, we analyzed the socioeconomic, production, and accessibility conditions to agricultural policies with the food insecurity situation of family farmers located in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. We made 132 phone calls to family farmers in the state, and food insecurity was measured using the reduced Brazilian Scale of Food Insecurity (EBIA). From the 37 studies included in our review, we identified that the most critical problems with the acquisition of local food arise from the family farming sector, including food production and marketing, and are exacerbated by factors such as lack of investment and inefficient logistics. Regarding the findings of the second study, we identified that the pandemic worsened the situation of food insecurity, especially among women with low education and income. Regarding access to different family farming initiatives, the food insecurity situation overlapped with these social protection measures. This fact may be an indicative that these initiatives did not have enough strength to curb food insecurity during the period of health, economic, and political crisis, and therefore, the capacity to absorb shocks in the food system was insufficient.Master Thesis Espetáculo à mesa: ética da alimentação no Masterchef Profissionais(2018-04-27) Chaves, Viviany Moura; Dantas, Alexsandro Galeno Araújo; ; ; França, Fagner Torres de; ; Silva, Gustavo de Castro da;It is considered that the television productions have been dedicated to giving a media visibility to the act of eating and cooking. Reality shows are examples of the increase in the visibility space of gastronomy, since they are an inviting strategy to unite two strong elements: eating and playing. Therefore, the gastronomic spectacle praises the kitchen as a space of competition and, in this context, the importance of reflecting on the formation of an ethics around the food question in the media is observed. The purpose of this study was to understand the ethics of food in the context of the media from the reality show program Masterchef Profissionais. We used the technique of moving image analysis to elaborate the analytical categories of the investigated corpus that were systematized as follows: (1) the contemporary shows where gastronomy becomes a television show presents the space of the kitchen in a makeup, displaced and distant from reality that can not be achieved except by vicarious experience; (2) the media kitchen is the concretization of the spectacle, it refers to the construction of an ideal of kitchen made for a purely visual consumption, interpreted as a media arena of disinhibition that has the figure of the chef of kitchen strategically exalted; (3) power relations in the kitchen, even if they meet a hierarchical logic in the professional scope, become authoritarian and abusive when there is no establishment of a socio-ethics, depriving ethics of acting in favor of democracy; (4) eating can be understood as a regenerative way of establishing a food anthropology, by extending the ethical dilemmas of food to a political sphere. The exercise of thinking about the relation of food and ethics driven by media visibility, envisions the modeling of a new kitchen format that is produced by an image-mediated language system, where its construction has re-signified symbolic relations with food, with the act of cooking and with the media itself.