Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais
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Master Thesis Democracia e governabilidade em São Tomé e Príncipe: uma perspectiva comparada a Cabo Verde (1991-2022)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2023-08-18) Cassandra, Vinícius dos Anjos Paraíso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4585711088362457; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7012250013374221; Silva, Lucas Trindade da; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3390-2046; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0314360149038167; Teixeira, Ricardino Jacinto DumasThe democratization processes of African countries have been a recurring theme in studies on democracy and other political configurations, since the beginning of the struggles for the emancipation of these countries until the present day. Portuguese-speaking African countries had their specific trajectories. Over the years 1973 to 1975, Guiné-Bissau, Moçambique, Cabo Verde, São Tomé e Príncipe and Angola, in that order, became independent. These countries followed the political configuration led by a single party until the 1990s. In this sense, São Tomé e Príncipe and Cabo Verde, in addition to having similarities in their context of formation, share similarities in terms of political history with regard to the redemocratization process initiated in the 1990s. This dissertation is intended to comparatively study the semipresidential systems of government in São Tomé e Príncipe and Cabo Verde after democratization, starting from the independence process, passing through the discussion of the pluralist transition and arriving at the assumptions of governability that emerged after the first elections in 1991. At first, the dissertation presents some aspects of democratization in Africa and its structures of a one-party regime. In the following moment, the theoretical processo f semi-presidentialism its variatios are discussed, and then its addresses the multiparty regime of the two countries in question is discussed. Finally, the text presents how the electoral system works in both countries, as well as describing their political parties. Therefore, the text carries out a comparative political analysis between São Tomé e Príncipe and Cabo Verde, mainly from 1991 to 2022, as a way of understanding the governmental dynamics employed by the two archipelagos in question.Doctoral Thesis Liberalismo contra Democracia: origem e fundamentos da oposição entre o Liberalismo e a Tradição Democrática(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2020-12-04) Alcântara, Pedro Henrique Generino de; Lindozo, José Antônio Spineli; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9490707517933297; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5113187330172121; Lacerda, Alan Daniel Freire de; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6492-522X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4585711088362457; Vitullo, Gabriel Eduardo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0274943582470997; Guimarães, Juarez Rocha; Aguiar, Thais Florêncio deThis study aims to analyze the historical and conceptual relationship between democracy and political liberalism, in its classic period. We seek to demonstrate the serious departure from liberal ideas in relation to democratic ideas, going through historical moments that marked the constitution of liberal thought, from its origin to the consolidation of its institutional model. We do this by confronting it with what we call the “modern democratic tradition”, faithful to the sense of class that gave rise to the old democracy and heir to the egalitarianism of popular revolts and the thinking of radical philosophers of the era of transition between the feudal regime and the modernity. Tying together democracy and revolution, this tradition, even before the emergence of Marxist communism, organized ideas about freedom and its relation to equality, resulting in the defense of the universalization of rights. Presenting an institutional model that strongly linked political representation and popular sovereignty, it was an alternative to the advancement of capitalist mercantile laws that promoted the worsening conditions for the existence of popular classes and boosted the colonialist expansion of the so-called “European barbarism”. We support the hypothesis that liberalism was formed in good measure against this tradition, placing itself in the opposite pole to the defense of the universalization of democratic rights and ideas. We seek to demonstrate how this is expressed in liberal theory, especially regarding the fundamental discussion about freedom, and how it manifests itself in the institutional model of classical political liberalism. It is, therefore, an attempt to re-read some historical and conceptual aspects of democracy and liberalism.Master Thesis Jornal de Opnião (1972-1977): a frente jornalística e a redefinição da luta das oposições contra a ditadura(2019-08-29) Souza, Ana Karla Pontes de; Lindozo, José Antonio Spineli; ; ; Paiva, Irene Alves de; ; Lyra, Rubens Pinto;Este trabajo está vinculado a la línea de investigación "Estado, Gobierno y Sociedad" del Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad Federal de Río Grande del Norte. La opinión fue una alternativa semanal de gran repercusión nacional durante los duros años de la dictadura militar-empresarial-burocrático brasileña, capaz de influir en la mayoría de los izquierdistas del país que estaban experimentando un momento de desarticulación debido a la fuerte represión impuesta por el régimen. Pensando en la influencia e importancia que tenía la Opinión para la izquierda y el debate democrático, consideramos realizar una investigación que buscara profundizar la comprensión sobre la influencia que el periódico tuvo en la vida política nacional. El objetivo de esta disertación es analizar el papel del periódico Opinión en la redefinición del campo de lucha política de la oposición contra el régimen. La metodología utilizada para llevar a cabo esta disertación fue el análisis documental de textos seleccionados de tres escritores: Hélio Marcos Doyle, Dirceu Brisola y textos no firmados por el editor del periódico, disponibles en la Biblioteca Nacional Hemeroteca donde en línea, todas las ediciones del Opinión (1972-1977).Master Thesis "Destronando a Política": democracia no pensamento de Friedrich August von Hayek(2019-08-26) Pessoa, Leonardo Antunes de França; Vitullo, Gabriel Eduardo; Oliveira, João Emanuel Evangelista de; Vadell, Javier AlbertoRegarded as a great democrat and one of the greatest advocates for liberty in the 20th century, F. A. Hayek has been on the spotlight for (neo)liberal political theory research after 2008's financial crisis. This dissertation seeks to discuss the concept of democracy under Hayek’s thought, making use of Hayek's main philosophy and political theory books, and also his lectures and interviews about the matter. This bibliographical snippet was taken as means to discuss something rather new on brazilian political literature and even in English: Hayek's open support to liberal dictatorships in the 20th century, the ones he used to refer as "transitional dictatorships", supposedly related to a upswing for the concept unlimited democracy that existed before to an ideal and limited model of democracy. The first half of this dissertation introduces the reader to the main concepts stated by Hayek as to show that his option for "limited democracy" is justified by his own social science. The second half makes critical observations about the concept of cultural evolution, market and democracy under Hayek's thoughts, making use of an interdisciplinary literature to argue that Hayek should not be considered a guardian of democracy, if we understood it as participatory democracy, and much less a guardian of liberty, if we understood it as too political liberty.Master Thesis O legado antidemocrático dos federalistas estadunidenses no desenho institucional brasileiro: uma análise dos manuais de Direito Constitucional(2017-08-30) Pereira, Rômulo Dornelas; Vitullo, Gabriel Eduardo; ; ; Souza, Lincoln Moraes de; ; Dasso Júnior, Aragon Érico;Diferentemente de lo que es usualmente mencionado en algunos clásicos de la Ciencia Política y del Derecho, se observa que la redacción final de la constitución estadounidense de 1787, en vigor hasta hoy, no representa una inspiración democrática para el constitucionalismo brasileño. De la misma forma, una lectura sistemática de los manuales brasileños de derecho constitucional desde el final del siglo XIX hasta los días actuales demuestra cómo es percibida la influencia de los federalistas en el orden jurídico-institucional local a lo largo de la historia, o sea, de qué manera y con qué nivel de criticidad los constitucionalistas brasileños comprenden la disposición institucional de origen estadounidense. La narrativa realizada en diferentes obras y las omisiones evidenciadas sobre la referida inspiración extranjera ayudan a comprender el motivo por el que tantos institutos fueron cristalizados en el pensamiento constitucional y político del país, como también entender el sesgo antidemocrático de nuestro modelo de Estado. Entre octubre de 1787 y abril de 1788, una serie de artículos fue publicada en los periódicos de la ciudad de Nueva York, de autoría de James Madison, Alexander Hamilton y John Jay, con el objetivo de subsidiar los argumentos de los que defendían la promulgación del texto final de la constituyente estadounidense en Filadelfia. Posteriormente, los artículos fueron reunidos en un libro publicado con el título “El Federalista”, convirtiéndose en una obra paradigmática que ejercería fuerte influencia en la elaboración de las constituciones escritas de todo el mundo, en especial, en América Latina, como también lo hizo el propio texto constitucional. Siguiendo la tradición moderna y liberal, los constituyentes de la Carta Magna brasileña de 1988, así como fue hecho con los documentos constitucionales de 1891, 1934 y 1946, consagraron varios institutos de la tradición de los federalistas estadounidenses. En ese sentido, es posible mencionar los siguientes institutos: el sistema bicameral para el poder legislativo, el sistema federativo de división del poder entre la Unión y los estados, el principio de la división de poderes con el sistema de frenos y contrapesos, formas de nominación de la corte suprema del Poder Judicial con competencia de guardián de la Constitución, el presidencialismo, etc. De esa manera, es importante analizar los orígenes del pensamiento filosófico político estadounidense, así como el proceso revolucionario que desencadenó la proclamación de la independencia de las trece colonias británicas para comprender como surgió el orden constitucional elaborado por la convención da Filadelfia y las disputas y los intereses que motivaron el debate entre los federalistas y los anti-federalistas.Master Thesis PT: dos trabalhadores à ordem: uma análise da política de conciliação de classes a partir da Carta aos Brasileiros (2002)(2017-08-31) Castro, Juliana Magalhães de; ; ; Vitullo, Gabriel Eduardo; ; Silva, Rodrigo Freire de Carvalho e;The present research has as its scope to investigate the class conciliation policies implemented by the Worker’s Party (PT) during the party’s mandates at the Presidency of the Brazilian Republic.It analyses the elements onto the document known as Letter to the Brazilian People (2002) read by Lula on 22 June 2002 at his electoral campaign and beyond. Showing as a sort of Compromise Letter, the Letter to the Brazilian People emerges as a signof the policies the Worker’s Party intended toput in place in case it was elected.With the strong emphasis on the immediate need for change on Brazilian politics, the document reiterate the importance of economic change based on structural reforms that should have as principle the unity around growth and national development.Thus detaching the party from its foundational manifest, published in the Official Gazzete on 21 October 1980, where it clearly positioned the party beside the workers and the exploited and pleas to the masses to organize themselves “so as the political and social situation be the building tool of a society that responds to the interests of the workers and other sectors exploited by capitalism.The Letter to the Brazilian People presents us with conciliatory politics in which agrobusiness and familiar agriculture relate as sisters.Doctoral Thesis Democracia e regulação do audiovisual: um estudo comparado das leis no Brasil, na Argentina e no Uruguai (2005-2015)(2016-10-31) Rocha Filho, Ruy Alkmim; ; ; Oliveira, João Emanuel Evangelista de; ; Germano, José Willington; ; Andrade, Arnon Alberto Mascarenhas de; ; Lima, Hermano Machado Ferreira; ; Ramos, Murilo César Oliveira;Master Thesis Comissão Nacional da Verdade: desafios e limites da construção democrática(2017-05-22) Batista Neto, Modesto Cornelio; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8871454632145848; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0788039260098268; Lindozo, José Antonio Spineli; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9490707517933297; Rodrigues, Roberio Paulino; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7617332783433199; Silva, Rodrigo Freire de Carvalho e; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2353927306775025The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of the National Truth Commission (CNV), established through Law no. 12,528 of November 18, 2011, by President Dilma Rousseff, in order to investigate serious violations of human rights, in order to realize the right to memory and historical truth. We take your Final Report as the main source of research, the document containing more than 4000 pages, divided into three volumes. The first presents a panorama of repression, presenting the modus operandi of the dictatorship, the agents responsible for violations such as torture, rape, executions and concealment of corpses, and recommendations that bring together measures for the advancement of the policy of human rights and democracy in Brazil . The second volume brings thematic texts and addresses issues such as repression against indigenous peoples, peasant communities, military, Christian churches, among others. The third volume is exclusively devoted to the victims of the dictatorship, elucidating the circumstances of death and disappearance of 434 cases. We analyze the commission and its report, having as main theoretical instrument historical materialism. In this sense, the following authors were fundamental: Marx (1996, 2009) Walter Benjamin (1987), Henri Lefebvre (2013), Ellen Wood (2011), Noam Chomsky (2003), Mike Davis , Osvaldo Coggiola (2016), Celso Furtado (1973), Florestan (2015), Weffort (1989), Milton Pinheiro (2014) and Spinelli (2014). The Commission, which has been working for two years and seven months, has shown a continuity of serious human rights violations, such as widespread and continuing torture and extrajudicial execution, carried out by agents of State security agencies. Based on the overall objective of the work, which was to identify whether the Commission met its legal goals, the main findings were that the commission succeeded in its institutional mission, revealing Brazil's human rights backlog, That the democratic transition process and the governability of coalition in Brazil, especially its characteristics, imply for forming the limitations of the National Commission of Truth itself and the development of Brazilian democracy.Master Thesis O déficit democrático na integração regional latino-americana(2017-02-24) Ramos, Fabielly Bellagamba; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0274943582470997; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0299280576357636; Lindozo, José Antonio Spineli; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9490707517933297; Dasso Júnior, Aragon Érico; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0095223485293455Doctoral Thesis Financiamento eleitoral e projetos de lei: um estudo da atuação dos deputados federais do Rio Grande do Norte de 2003 a 2014(2016-10-31) Whately, Gustavo Vilella; Costa, Homero de Oliveira; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8871454632145848; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0936852604170971; Vitullo, Gabriel Eduardo; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0274943582470997; Lacerda, Alan Daniel Freire de; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4585711088362457; Rodrigues, Robério Paulino; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7617332783433199; Vasconcelos, Jose Gerardo; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1590976796851445; Silva, Rodrigo Freire de Carvalho e; ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2353927306775025The current work aims to analyze the links between the political-electoral funding done by enterprises and the legislative performance of the deputies elected by the Rio Grande do Norte state. It seeks to ascertain if the entrepreneurial funding, in fact, intervene into and influence the behavior of the elected deputy, biasing his political performance towards favoring entrepreneurial interests. In order to produce this study, it was realized an investigation of all bills proposed by Rio Grande do Norte deputies, in the period between the years of 2003 and 2014, concerning enterprises’ interests and impacts in the business sector, drawing a parallel with the funding received by these politicians during the elections of 2002, 2006 and 2010. The data shows that, although there is an influence correlation between funding and entrepreneurial-friendly projects, this link is not a casual nexus neither one-dimensional, needing the inclusion of another variables in the equation to achieve a better comprehension.