Comparação entre um protocolo de exercícios em cadeia cinética aberta e cadeia cinética fechada em indivíduos com osteoartrite de joelho: um ensaio clínico randomizado

Abstract

Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a multifactorial condition associated with physical disability. Exercise therapy has been proven in the literature to improve neuromotor control and strength. However, there is still debate about the best way to prescribe exercises for this condition. This study aimed to compare the effects of open kinetic chain (OKC) and closed kinetic chain (CCF) exercise protocols on functional capacity and kinesiophobia in individuals with KOA. Method: This is a randomized clinical trial. Women with KOA, aged 45 years or older and with pain, at least 3 on the Numerical Pain Scale, participated in the evaluation. The TAMPA Scale for Kinesiophobia questionnaire, the 30-second sit-to-stand test (SST) and the 8-step test (8ST) were used in the evaluation. The individuals were divided into two groups, where they performed exercises twice a week, with 60 minutes per session, for 5 weeks. For the OKC group, knee extension and flexion, hip abduction and extension exercises were performed, all with ankle weights. For the CCF group, free squat, single-leg forward movement, lateral walking with squat and touch on the contralateral limb were performed. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Results: Forty-two women participated in the study, with an average age of 60 years, most of whom were overweight and/or obese grade I, diagnosed approximately 3 years ago, and considered to be in the chronic phase. After participating in the exercise programs, there was a significant difference in the TSL and 8MST for the OKC group, with p-values of 0.01 and 0.009, respectively. Conclusions: A functional exercise program, both in OKC and in OKC, is capable of improving functional capacity.