Avaliação de ganho de peso gestacional: uma comparação entre dois métodos

Abstract

Maternal weight gain, whether insufficient or excessive, can be associated with unfavorable pregnancy and delivery outcomes. Thus, the study aimed to compare the methods for classifying gestational weight gain proposed by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) with the new method developed for the Brazilian population. This is a cross-sectional and quantitative research, conducted with 76 parturients admitted to a university hospital in Rio Grande do Norte. Sociodemographic and gestational data were collected through interviews and medical records. The results showed that 40.8% (n=31) of the women evaluated had overweight when classified according to their pre-pregnancy BMI. The analysis of gestational weight gain by both methods revealed a weak agreement between them, with a weighted Kappa coefficient of 0.591. The Brazilian method showed higher sensitivity in identifying excessive gestational weight gain, classifying 60.5% (n=46) of the pregnant women in this condition, which may be associated with maternal and fetal risks. It is concluded that there are significant discrepancies between the methods, emphasizing the importance of creating specific weight gain ranges for the Brazilian population to better monitor and prevent gestational complications.