Hidrogênio verde: proposta de diretrizes para o desenvolvimento do mercado

Abstract

Renewable energy sources have become increasingly competitive as a result of the growing maturity of the industry, incentive policies and other factors. Even though there are several benefits associated with these sources, the electricity produced can be affected by meteorological and climatic factors, which eventually leads to a conflict between supply and demand of the market. In a context where decarbonization options are limited, green hydrogen (H2V), considered the central pillar of decarbonization of the economy, has emerged as a critical option to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in sectors that are difficult to decarbonize, in addition to, enabling the transport of energy over intercontinental distances and presents versatility of applications. In addition, access to hydrogen is considered a factor of energy security and national resilience. This paper has as its objective a proposal of guidelines for green hydrogen development in a country that has a high potential for renewable energy sources. The research was carried out in three stages: i) theoretical research on the themes, characteristics of GH2, prospective studies on the market, value chain and standards; ii) case study on hydrogen strategies and; iii) guidelines modeling for the development of the green hydrogen market in a country with high potential for renewable energy sources. As a result, 17 guidelines were identified that contribute to the development of green hydrogen market, grouped in dimensions: Market, Regulation, Infrastructure, RD&I and professional training. The suggested guidelines can be adopted by any country that aims to develop the market for this energy source, once that GH2 is an issue on the rise in the global energy scenario