Intercorrências mamárias em puérperas e seus impactos na continuidade do aleitamento materno: revisão de escopo

Abstract

Objective: To map the existing evidence in the literature regarding the main breast complications and their impacts on the continuity of breastfeeding. Method: This is a scoping review conducted following the recommendations of the JBI Institute Reviewer’s Manual for Scoping Reviews, based on the theoretical framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and the recommendations of PRISMA ScR. The data sources included PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, CAPES Theses and Dissertations Portal, and Google Scholar, along with the references cited in the selected articles. Studies were rigorously assessed for quality and level of evidence, with no time restrictions applied to the selected studies; other criteria were used for exclusion, such as studies that were not fully available in their entirety. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) were used for the search. Results: A total of 3,204 studies were identified from the databases and other sources. After analysis and selection of the studies, the final sample consisted of 12 articles, representing 14.12% of the 85 studies that were pre-selected during the full-text review phase. Conclusion: The study highlighted the main breast complications in postpartum women, such as nipple fissures, breast engorgement, and mastitis, which have a significant adverse impact on maternal and infant health, particularly regarding early weaning. These complications have substantial consequences for public health. The role of nurses, through continuous guidance from prenatal care onward, is crucial in promoting health, preventing complications, and rehabilitating breast conditions during the pregnancy-puerperal cycle.