Qualidade de vida de adultos vivendo com HIV/AIDS: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Introduction: HIV originated from a mutation of the SIV virus (Simian Immunodeficiency Virus), which infects chimpanzees and gorillas. According to the Ministry of Health (MS), transmission to humans probably occurred due to contact with the blood of infected animals. Initially, the virus was perceived as a condition that mainly affected the homosexual community and injecting drug users, which brought stigma and significant social exclusion to this population to this day. Therefore, addressing the quality of life of adults living with HIV/AIDS is necessary to increase understanding and comprehensive care for this population, in addition to combating prejudices that still persist in society.Objectives: To identify, in national and international literature, studies on the quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review. The searches were carried out during the months of November and December 2024 and January 2025. References extracted from virtual libraries were included in the following databases: PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), virtual health library (VHL) and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (lilacs). Results: 149 studies were found, and 11 were selected according to the criteria initially established, 5 of which were in SCIELO; 3 in the VHL; 1 in PubMed; and 4 at Lilacs. Thus, 138 were excluded. From this, three categories emerged: Secrecy of the Diagnosis Due to Social Stigma; Social Class/Education Level; Family Support. Conclusion: After analyzing the articles found, it was possible to identify that despite existing changes and improvements, the quality of life of adults living with HIV/AIDS has not yet reached the expected level, which is why it is important to disseminate information and create projects to improve QoL.