Incidência das doenças peri-implantares em indivíduos reabilitados com implantes osseointegrados

Abstract

Objective: To determine the incidence of peri-implant diseases and associated factors in individuals who underwent rehabilitation treatment with dental implants at the Department of Dentistry of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte in the last 18 years, after an interval of seven years that they were attended. Materials and Methods: This was a longitudinal study, in which 155 patients were examined for periodontal and peri-implant clinical parameters in 2012 (baseline). Seven years later, 35 patients returned for further evaluation of the following parameters: plaque and gingival bleeding scores, periodontal and peri-implant bleeding on probing, periodontal and peri-implant probing depth, gingival retraction, clinical attachment level, keratinized mucosa, implant mobility and suppuration. Radiographic examination was performed to observe the presence of supracrestal exposure of the implant threads and misfits between implant / intermediate and intermediate / prosthesis. The association between independent and dependent variables was tested by Pearson's chisquare and Fisher's exact test with subsequent Multiple Logistic Regression for a significance level of 95%. Results: Peri-implant mucositis was the most frequent diagnosis (54.3%) and peri-implantitis was 28.6% at patient level and 53,3% and 26,7% at implant level, respectively. From the Multiple Logistic Regression at implant level was observed associations between peri-implant disease and keratinized mucosa (p = 0.05; RPaj = 2.813), cemented prosthesis (p = 0.019; RPaj = 5.204) and prosthetic failures (p = 0.007; RPaj = 6.950). Conclusion: The abscence of keratinized mucosa, cemented prosthesis and prosthetic defects may have a positive association for the development of periimplant diseases, after seven years since the first clinical examination.