Agenda 2030: uma análise integradora dos índices de Desenvolvimento Local e Sustentável no município de Bom Jesus (RN)

Abstract

The socio-environmental challenges faced by the world population increasingly derive from human actions integrated with the development of new technologies. In this sense, the guidelines related to this theme began to take shape after World War II and, consequently, from the conflicts that arose in the sequence and that corroborated for scholars, scientists, businessmen and the Government of some countries began to really care about this problem. In the 1970s, the first environmental conference took place, in which began the reflections on Sustainable Development emerged, in a context that current resources should be preserved without harming future generations. Subsequently, other international events leveraged environmental agendas over time, the most recent being the United Nations (UN) 2030 Agenda. In Brazil, Local Development, in turn, came to light with the enactment of the Federal Constitution of 1988, in which municipalities started to have a greater level of autonomy in relation to other federative entities, thus helping in the implementation and execution of public policies. The main objective of this monographic research has as main objective to understand how the United Nations 2030 Agenda can help in the initiative of a global-national governance, so that it is put into practice in the local context, specifically in the municipality of Bom Jesus (RN), with analyzes in the period from 2017 to 2020. To achieve this, descriptive and quantitative procedures were used to collect statistical data (secondary) in various institutional and governmental platforms, including the municipality of Bom Jesus, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the Confederation of Municipalities (CNM) and the Federation of Industries of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FIRJAN). The information was organized in databases in Microsoft Excel 365 software for further analysis and, together, bibliographic, and documental research was carried out. The consolidated results of the indices are, respectively, 0.6458 for the IFDM, 0.380 for the IDMS and 0.41 for the Mandala ODS. In summary, the use of socio-environmental indicators is an efficient way to of perceiving how the dynamics of urban planning occur in theory and how they can be transferred to local practice, depending on the methodologies chosen by researchers and managers. On the other hand, a more assertive disclosure is necessary for the understanding and correct application of these tools; to benefit the entire population involved in the process.