Avaliação da atividade anti-inflamatória e antioxidante do Lactobacillus Rhamnosus EM1107 em modelo experimental de periodontite induzida em ratos diabéticos

Abstract

Periodontal disease and diabetes share similar chronic immune-inflammatory mechanisms and have a well-established bidirectional relationship in the literature. Probiotic therapy, which in turn has effects on the microbiome and also on the host's immune system, has been suggested as an alternative or complement to non-surgical periodontal therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus EM1107 on inflammation and oxidative stress in an experimental model of ligature-induced periodontitis in diabetic rats. A preclinical, in vivo, randomized, blinded and controlled trial was carried out, consisting of 45 male Wistar rats, which were randomly divided into five groups with 9 animals each: control, ligation, ligature / DM, ligation / EM1107, ligature / DM / EM1107. The animals were pre-treated with probiotic via oral gavage during the 30 days of the experiment. The induction of diabetes occurred through injection of STZ through a penile vein on the 14th day of the experiment and the placement of the bandage to induce Periodontal Disease occurred on the 19th day. In the 30th experiment the animals were euthanized. The gingival tissue samples obtained were analyzed using the ELISA assay to measure tissue concentrations of cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α and UV-VIS spectroscopy to determine levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH). Biochemical analysis was also performed to measure ALT, urea and glucose. Treatment with L. rhamnosus EM1107 significantly reduced the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α in the groups treated with L. rhamnosus EM1107 (p <0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the modulation of oxidative stress (p> 0.05). The analysis of the biochemical parameters revealed a statistically significant difference only for the glucose measurement between the diabetic and non-diabetic groups (p <0.001). This study suggests an anti-inflammatory effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus EM1107 on ligatureinduced periodontitis in diabetic rats.