Russulaceae em áreas do Norte e Nordeste do Brasil, depositados nos herbários UFRN-FUNGOS e JPB

Abstract

The Russulaceae Lotsy family is composed of ectomycorrhizal basidiomycetes, with some representatives of this family also showing economic interest in the pharmaceutical and culinary industry. Most representatives of this family have agaricoid basidioma, but there are pleurotoid, secotioid, and gasteroid representatives who share similar microscopic characteristics. Most species in this family are described for temperate and Paleotropic regions, which makes the diversity for Neotropics seem smaller when compared to other regions, possibly due to lack of collection effort and / or lack of experts to correctly identify the species. species deposited in herbariums. The agaricoid representatives of the Russulaceae family are divided into four genera Lactarius, Lactifluus, Multifurca and Russula. In Brazil there are currently seven described Lactifluus species, 21 Lactariusspecies and 31 Russula species. In this work, ten species deposited in herbariums of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte and the Federal University of Paraíba were analyzed morphologically, being three species of Lactifluus (Lf. paraensis, Lf. piperogalactus and Lf. venosellus) and seven Russula (R. candida, R. glutinosa, R. pices, R. pisciodora, Russula rondonensis and two of R. puiggarii). These species were collected in the Northern regions of the states of Pará and Roraima; and Northeast Brazil in the states of Paraíba and Pernambuco, and, except for R. puiggarii, all are new species for science. Molecular analyzes of 60 species of the genera Lactifluus and Russula were also performed using sequences from the ITS region obtained from the Genbank database; for the first genus the Brazilian species Lf. caatingae, Lf. dunensis and Lf. paraensis, belonging to the subgenus Lactariopsis with Lf. paraensis as a new species for science; Lf. piperogalactus belonging to subgenus Gymnocarpi as new species and Lf. venosellus belonging to subgenus Pseudogymnocarpi section Polysphaerophori also as new species. Among the Russula species it was possible to extract ITS from R. glutinosa and demonstrate that it belongs to the subgenus Heterophyllidia as a new species for science. Thus, with morphological and phylogenetic analyzes, it was possible to confirm the species Lf. paraensis, Lf. piperogalactus and Lf. venosellus, R. candida, R. glutinosa, Russula rondonensis, R. pices, R. pisciodora as new species for science, as well as demonstrate that the northern and northeastern regions of Brazil have a large representativeness of species of this group.