Influência de eventos demográficos na comunicação vocal dos saguis (Callithrix jacchus) em ambiente natural

Abstract

The study of animal communication is essential for understanding social and ecological interactions among primates. In common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), the complexity of their vocalizations can be influenced by social changes which affect the structure of groups. We investigated the influence of demographic events (migrations) on marmosets’ vocal communication in their natural environment, examining whether their vocalizations are modified in response to social changes. The research was conducted in Assú National Forest, following three marmosets groups. Acoustic data were collected from four individuals: two males of diferent groups, before and after their emigrations to new groups, and two females, before and after the immigration of these two males into the groups where they were already present as breeders. The results showed changes in acoustic parameters in both male individuals. One of the males adapted quickly to the new group, demonstrating vocal flexibility to align with the new social conditions. In contrast, the other male, who migrated between three different groups, exhibited a more complex adaptation pattern, with no significant changes between his first and second groups, which may be attributed to difficulties in social integration or the presence of another migrant male. As for the females, in both cases, there was no significant differences between pre- and post-migration conditions, which can be explained by their stable positions as dominants. These findings suggest that vocal adaptation in common marmosets is not uniform, being modulated by social and individual factors.