Avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana e da citotoxicidade do óleo de quinoa e suas nanoformulações

Abstract

Quinoa oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, along with significant amounts of vitamin E. Nanoencapsulation of lipophilic components is a promising strategy to promote solubilization in aqueous matrix, preservation of bioactive compounds, improved incorporation into industrialized products, increased bioavailability, and preservation and enhancement of the oil's bioactive properties. The objective of this work was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of quinoa oil (OQ), oil encapsulated with porcine gelatin (OG) and oil encapsulated with gelatin and whey protein (OPG) on HaCat keratinocyte cells and perform antimicrobial activity. both in oil and in nanoformulations. The nanoparticles were synthesized by O/W emulsification techniques using porcine gelatin (OG) and whey protein (OPG) as encapsulating agents and Tween 20 as a surfactant. The cytotoxicity of free and nanoencapsulated quinoa oil was evaluated in vitro using keratinocyte cells (HACat) by the viability with neutral red test. Samples were usedat concentrations of 0.8 to 100 µg/mL. An increase in cellular proliferation of Hacat cells was observed with the two samples, OQ (60%) and OPG (50%), at the concentrations tested. The increase in proliferation is due to the composition of the oil, whichis rich in unsaturated fatty acids and induces epithelial cell proliferation, and can be used in tissue repitalization. The antimicrobial activity was performed for Gram-positive (Bacillus subtillis) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria, anda minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value for E. coli of 2.5 mg/mL was found for the oil and the OG and OPG samples. MIC was not found for B. subtillis. The results show that the quinoa oil encapsulates have the potential for future use by the industry due to the biological activities presented, but further studies are necessary to deepen the knowledge about these nanoparticles.