Caracterização fitoquímica e atividade antibacteriana do extrato hidroetanólico das folhas de Cochlospermum vitifolium (Wild.)

Abstract

Cochlospermum vitifolium (C. Vitifolium), popularly known as “pacoté”, “rosa amirilla” and “algodao do mato”, is a plant of the Bixaceae family native to the Caatinga biome in Brazil. The Açu National Forest (FLONA), located in the municipality of Açu, Brazil, is a federal forest reserve where there is research into species of fauna and flora, such as C. vitifolium. The literature reports popular uses of this species, specifically the leaves, as a herbal medicine for liver disease, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, oxidative stress and bacterial infection. This study aims to phytochemically characterize the hydroethanolic extract of the leaves of this plant by analytical methods and to evaluate both the extract and the hexane and ethyl acetate fractions obtained from this extract in an assay with Staphylococcus aureus. The extract and the ethyl acetate fraction were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer (UHPLC-DAD-QTOF) and the hexane fraction by gas chromatography (GC-MS). It was possible to note 4 compounds from the flavonoid group (Orientin, Vitexin, Hyperin and Campferol 3-O-(6′′-galoyl)-β-D-glycopyranoside) contained in the extract. The same compounds were observed in the ethyl acetate fraction. In the hexane fraction, 11 compounds were identified (α-Calacorene, Caryophyllene oxide, neophytadiene, 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, n-hexadecanoic acid and two types of ester, A-Neooleana-3(5),12-diene, vitamin E, β-amyrin and lupeol). The hydroethanolic extract and the ethyl acetate fraction were active in the antibacterial test. Finally, the results of the study corroborate the popular use of the species and contribute to greater knowledge about its leaves