Conduta dos enfermeiros na prevenção de queda em idosos em instituições hospitalares

Abstract

The objective of this study was to analyze nurses' behavior in the prevention of falls in elderly people hospitalized in public hospitals, in the Eastern Sanitary District, in the city of Natal-RN. This is a descriptive and Exploratory study carried out in Public Hospitals of the Eastern Sanitary District of the city of Natal, through a descriptive observational sample with 130 nursing assistants from the medium and surgical clinic sectors, from December 2016 to January 2017. Data collection Beginning after obtaining letters of agreement from the institutions and approval by the Ethics and Research Committee, under No. 1,850,668, followed by the testing of the instrument. The data processing was performed in Excel spreadsheet, version 2010, for the accomplishment of the descriptive tables and application of statistical tests. Statistica SPSS 20.0, temporary free version software was used. About the results, the majority of the participants were female (87.6%), the majority were young adults between 31-40 years old (49.2%), married (51.5%) and admitted for 4 years ( 46.9%), who worked in the medical clinic (76.1%), working in the morning shift (49.2%), with only one link (57.6) and having a care position (96.9%). . Regarding the occurrence of the fall in hospitalized elderly, the results showed that (26.9%) of the nurses know of the occurrence of falls in the elderly in the institution, although the majority (73.0%) affirm that they do not know about the event in the institution. Among the main factors of the institution, which were able to increase the occurrence of falls were: absence of companion (70.77%), beds without grids (51.54%), bathroom without grab bars and non-slip floor (41, 54%), absence of alarms (39.23%), slippery floor (35.38%) and reduced luminosity (33.85%). According to a comparative analysis, by means of the X2 test, some variables such as: type of institution (university, place of study), graduation time, admission to the institution, only an employment relationship, besides higher professional qualification, presented statistical significance, Use or adhesion of the security protocol for the event falls in the university institution. It was observed that nurses' affirmations in the use of the nursing diagnosis to guide falls interventions, when compared to the age group and the institution, obtained a significant difference (0.0014) and, at the type of institution (0.000), by the Fisher's test. In conclusion, the importance of the use of instruments for reporting adverse events by institutions and control of occurrences and for the preparation of really effective preventive measures was concluded. It is observed the need to stimulate the safety culture that will allow discussing with the nursing team, prevention strategies that ensure patient safety in health institutions.