Planejamento e controle de megaprojetos em energias renováveis: aplicação do Lean Construction na cadeia de suprimentos

Abstract

The global energy transition has driven the adoption of renewable energy sources as strategies to mitigate environmental impacts, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and promote sustainability. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA) Report (2023), the burning of fossil fuels accounts for approximately 72% of global carbon emissions, highlighting the need to transition to clean sources. In this context, Brazil has seen growth in the wind and solar energy sector, encouraged by energy auctions that enable investments, ensure the expansion of generation and transmission infrastructure, and strengthen the sector's competitiveness (ANEEL, 2023). Given these advances, renewable energy megaprojects face complex challenges related to supply chain management, such as integrated logistics and the need for coordination between multiple suppliers and the high incidence of emergency purchases. The objective of this research is to develop and validate a Framework for the application of the Lean Construction methodology in the strategic management of the supply chain in renewable energy megaprojects, focusing on reducing waste and promoting greater predictability and sustainability. The research was conducted using a qualitative and quantitative approach, integrating bibliographic review, document analysis and case study with practical intervention. Lean tools such as Pull Planning, the Last Planner System (LPS), 6M (Labor, Material, Method, Machine, Environment and Measure and Method), 6WLA (Six Week Look Ahead) were combined, integrated with result measurement strategies. The results demonstrated the feasibility of applying the proposed model, highlighting improvements in the predictability of logistics processes, greater control over the flow of supplies, reduction of emergency purchases and efficiency in management. The contributions include practical guidelines for the adoption of Lean Construction, promoting greater integration, efficiency and sustainability in supply chain management. The research reinforces the importance of structured practices to overcome operational challenges, contributing to sustainability and competitiveness in the national energy scenario.