Vazios urbanos nas áreas centrais: os casos do Porto-PT e de Natal-BR

Abstract

In the field of urban space production, an important valuation strategy and a permanence of urban voids for real estate speculation. In addition to the classic information of urban voids, other forms of emptying appear in cities all over the world. Therefore, this work aimed at constructing a typology to analyze the process of emptying in its various nuances, such as brownfields, greyfields and greenfields. In addition, other terms are used to analyze the process of emptying, especially in the central areas of the cities: underutilized real estate, unused real estate, property not built and real estate in ruins. Using the typology of urban voids, it was possible to characterize each type of urban emptiness, making it possible to elaborate explanations based on theory, about its role in the real estate dynamics of the city of Natal. As a counterpoint, we analyzed the case of the city of Porto, Portugal, where it has sought to minimize the abandonment and degradation of the central areas with urban rehabilitation policies. By means of on-site visits, with photographic survey and observation to map the types of voids, as well as through semi-structured interviews with agents from the public and private sectors, it was possible to better visualize the effects of urban voids in cities on canvas, as well as ongoing processes for rehabilitation of core areas. A context as difficult as what is needed, therefore, needs to be tackled. However, it is necessary to develop urban rehabilitation that takes into account the interest of the less favored population, in order to avoid gentrification.