Capacidades governativas: um modelo propositivo a partir da percepção dos servidores do Governo do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte

Abstract

"The present work was carried out with the support of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel - Brazil (CAPES) - Financing Code 001." In recent years, efficiency has been a relevant topic for public management. As a result, the literature has been increasingly devoted to studies on the context of government capacities to promote the delivery of public services with quality and efficiency. From this perspective, the concepts of Public Governance and Governability are widely explored in the literature, and from which the concept of Governing Capabilities emerges as a set of attributes necessary for public administration. In this sense, this research has the general objective of establishing a Model of Governing Capabilities based on the perception of civil servants in the State of Rio Grande do Norte. In methodological terms, this is research of a quantitative nature with the application of a survey. Data collection was carried out through a structured questionnaire applied to a sample of 150 civil servants from the state of RN. Data were statistically treated applying multivariate techniques, more specifically Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling. Therefore, an Exploratory Factor Analysis - EFA was implemented, with the fundamental objective of verifying if the model describes well the characteristics of the data. The AFE allowed the extraction of 6 factors from the instruments of government capabilities, which represent its dimensions, namely: Fiscal, Services, Governance, Economic, Planning and Policy. Such dimensions manage to capture 76.9% of the variance present in the data, representing ample commonality between the observed variables, guaranteeing ample representation capacity of the model. Based on the Confirmatory Factor Analysis – CFA, it was possible to understand which indicators had the greatest impact on each dimension based on the sample's perception. At this point, it is highlighted that planning capacity is the one that most reflects government capacities (Standardized coefficient = 0.917). This implies that 84.08% of the variance in the Planning capabilities construct is explained by governing capabilities. All standardized coefficients are significant at a p-value level < 0.001. It should be noted that the Model proposed here achieved good adherence to empirical evidence and, therefore, can be used as a representation of an explanatory theory of the determining factors of Governing Capabilities in the scope of Public Management, especially regarding the aspects necessary for the delivery of public services with quality and efficiency. It is concluded, therefore, that the Governing Capabilities of a federal entity can be represented as a set of 6 associated dimensions that allow public management to act effectively on territorial development.