O impacto do treinamento musical no desempenho cognitivo, acadêmico e motor de crianças: uma revisão sobre trabalhos de meta-análise

Abstract

This study critically investigated the effects of musical training on children's cognitive, academic, and motor development, based on a systematic literature review and learning transfer theories. It was observed that distant transfer, required for impacts on general cognitive skills and academic performance, is much rarer than near transfer, which occurs between directly related skills. Meta- analyses of primary studies with rigorous experimental designs, including randomized group assignments, indicated that the effects of musical training on cognition and academic performance become effectively null when pre-existing differences prior to training are controlled. However, studies examining the impact of musical training on motor development demonstrated more consistent positive results, suggesting that music can be an effective tool for enhancing motor skills. We conclude that music training impact on cognitive and academic development should be interpreted cautiously. On the other hand, the effects on motor development open new perspectives.