Acolhimento do usuário em sofrimento psíquico: concepções, potencialidades e desafios vivenciados em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial

Abstract

Mental health care is an essential technology to ensure comprehensive and humanized care for users of the Psychosocial Care Network. This study aimed to develop a training proposal for professionals at a Psychosocial Care Center III, focusing on the care and care of users with mental health problems, based on the concepts, potentialities and challenges of mental health care. This is a qualitative study with a descriptive-exploratory approach, with the production of a technicaltechnological product. The study was developed in two phases: Phase 1 - Identification of the content of the course proposal: based on the perceptions of health professionals and the pillars used to implement care proposed by the National Humanization Policy; Phase 2 - Structuring of the course proposal. The study was carried out at the Psychosocial Care Center III, located in the city of Natal, capital of the state of Rio Grande do Norte. The sample consisted of health professionals from the service, including nurses, nursing technicians, physicians, pharmacists, social workers, psychiatrists, and psychologists assigned to the aforementioned Psychosocial Care Center. The study was submitted to and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, under opinion No. 6,566,565 and CAAE: 75841823.4.0000.5537. The results indicated that, although reception is widely recognized as a structuring axis of mental health care, its implementation still faces significant challenges, such as service overload, lack of ongoing training, and resistance to implementing a comprehensive care model. The interviewees' perceptions evidenced both traditional, more bureaucratic and standardized conceptions, as well as perspectives aligned with the guidelines of the National Humanization Policy, which emphasize qualified listening, therapeutic bonds, and coresponsibility for care. Among the challenges highlighted, the following stand out: overcrowding of services, insufficient human resources and fragmentation of the network, making it difficult to coordinate between the different levels of care. On the other hand, the professionals highlighted the potential of reception, including the construction of therapeutic bonds, the multidisciplinary approach and the possibility of expanded and humanized listening. In addition, it was identified that continuing education in health is an essential factor to qualify reception and combat stigmas still present in mental health care. It can be concluded that professional qualification and strengthening of the Psychosocial Care Network are fundamental strategies to improve reception in mental health, promoting more effective, humanized care aligned with the principles of the Psychiatric Reform and the National Humanization Policy. In this sense, this study created as a technical-technological product an educational device of the type proposed for a training course on reception of users with mental suffering based on field research carried out with workers from a Caps III. Considering the current challenges faced by the local Psychosocial Care Network, the expected impact for the better in terms of humanization and free care in mental health is seen as an important contribution.