Avaliação de parâmetros hemodinâmicos em pacientes cardiopatas submetidos ao uso de anestésico com vasoconstrictor em cirurgia bucal: estudo piloto

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the changes of cardiovascular parameters in patients with and without heart disease after administration of local anesthetic with vasoconstrictor, during oral surgery. It included 16 patients, 8 with diagnosed heart disease (group 1) and 8 healthy (group 2). Materials and methods: The subjects underwent oral surgery and it was performed the registration of heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, number of ventricular premature beats and number of ST segment depression at three different times: preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative. Results: The heart rate in the group of healthy patients was higher in intraoperative (p = 0031) and postoperative (p = 0040) periods. There was a significant increase in systolic blood pressure during surgery in group 1 (p = 0.027), however it was not possible to correlate any changes in analyzed cardiovascular parameters with the used anesthetic volume, duration of the surgical procedure and reported pain during the procedure. The number of ventricular extrasystoles was not different in both groups, in all three considered times. There was no occurrence of ST segment depression (ischemic events) in any of the analyzed individuals. Conclusion: It can be inferred from the data obtained in this study, that the administration of lidocaine 2% with epinephrine 1: 100,000 does not imply risk of additional arrhythmic or ischemic episodes. It is not possible to correlate the anesthetic infiltration volume with changes in heart rate, O2 saturation, and systolic and diastolic pressures.