Cobertura dos dados do SISVAN em crianças menores de 5 anos do nordeste do Brasil: tendência temporal do período de 2017 a 2021

Abstract

The Food and Nutrition Surveillance System is an information technology tool that allows monitoring of the nutritional conditions of the population and food and nutritional intervention programs. Through this system, a diagnosis of the health and nutrition situation of a specific population can be provided and used as a basis to verify the effectiveness of public policies. In this sense, the present study aimed to evaluate the temporal trend in the coverage of data on nutritional status and food consumption markers in children under 5 years, in the Northeast Brazil region. This is an ecological time series study, based on SISVAN records on the nutritional status and food consumption of children under 5 years. The temporal trend in the coverage of these data was analyzed, considering the data of children under 5 years of age registered in SISVAN and children under 5 years who frequent public health services, obtained by the 2010 IBGE census, and by the National Health Agency Supplemental Health. The results show the average coverage of nutritional anthropometric data was 59,78%, and the coverage of food consumption data was 3,01%. We observed an increase in registration numbers of children under five years old from 2017 to 2019, while in 2020 and 2021 this pattern changed. In this sense, there was an average increase in the coverage of food consumption markers of 2.85% between 2017 and 2021 (1.11%-3.96%). The coverage of data on anthropometric nutritional status decreased by 1.5% over the years evaluated (59.2%-57.7%). Despite the growing trend in food consumption markers, there is still a low percentage of coverage, considering both indicators, resulting in challenges for monitoring, developing, and adjusting public policies aimed at health and nutrition.