Reposição florestal em áreas degradadas: avaliação do crescimento vegetal e resposta do solo

Abstract

The current Brazilian society follows a capitalist model of development, which understands the environment as a source of raw material to meet its needs. To achieve sustainable development, preventive, corrective or compensatory mitigating actions are necessary for the impacts caused by human activities. One of the compensatory measures is Forest Restoration. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the growth of plant species in two planting methodologies for the forest replacement process in a Permanent Preservation Area (Riparian Zone) degraded by plant suppression and in an old slate deposit with unfavorable characteristics for plant development. The two planting methodologies evaluated were: (1) sowing in the old slate deposit; and (2) direct planting of seedlings through the opening of holes and crowning in the area of vegetal suppression. The growth of the species was measured by the variables: Diameter at ground level (DAS), Diameter at 1.30 m from the ground (DAP), Height and mortality of different species, allowing, in addition to identifying the best planting methodology, the species of better adaptation and development. In addition to the biometric variables of the plants, physical and chemical attributes of the soil were evaluated in the scenario of degradation and forest replacement. These results can serve as a subsidy for future programs of forest replacement under conditions similar to those of this study, increasing the possibility of success and allowing the selection of variables as environmental indicators for monitoring areas in recovery.