Construção e validação de um material educativo para o autocuidado materno no pós parto

Abstract

The use of educational material, objective and simplified, enables a better understanding and reception of consultations with the puerperal women, facilitates understanding and aims to expand their knowledge. Through educational materials, self-care can be encouraged, which is why it is relevant to the health of the woman and the baby. Its main objective is: To build and validate an educational material to guide maternal self-care in the postpartum period. And as specific objectives: Systematize the levels of scientific evidence on the importance of carrying out maternal care in the postpartum period; Contribute to the dissemination of knowledge and guidance on postpartum maternal care, based on the preparation of this educational material and Propose the implementation of educational material on postpartum maternal care at the Hospital under study. The research took place in three moments, the first referring to an integrative literature review, which gathered 9 publications on the subject, using the period from 2016 to 2021, from the databases: Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS); Online Scientific Electronic Library (SciELO); Online Search System; Medical Literature Analysis (MEDLINE/PUBMED); Web Of Science and Google Scholar. Then, the booklet was built, in which five phases were established, in sequence: 1. Situational assessment, 2. Bibliographical survey, 3. Selection and filing of researched material, 4. Text elaboration and 5. Construction of illustrations. And finally, the validation of the booklet, with data collection in January 2023, which took place in three more phases: 1. Consultation with the judges, 2. Consultation with the target audience, 3. Validation of the booklet based on the Index of Content Validity (CVI). The booklet obtained scores of 7.6 by the judges and 8.4 by the mothers in terms of validation, making the material valid for use. The results of the integrative review were organized into three topics: 1- Characteristics of scientific publications; 2- Methodological findings and level of evidence and 3 - Maternal self-care in the postpartum period in the light of educational materials. Based on this, the scientific findings were evidenced, having as a final result, the technological product of the educational booklet, which in its first moment of implementation already brought results regarding self-care and health education of puerperal women, and mainly, the process of approved validation. It was possible to conclude that the educational materials are relevant for the self-care of postpartum women, and that the construction and validation of the booklet provided an improvement in maternal and child health care.