Correlação da prática do tabagismo e etilismo em pacientes com câncer de pulmão e câncer de cabeça e pescoço

Abstract

All human beings have practices that influence their quality of life and, consequently, the way they will age. Research indicates that these habits, beyond genetic and environmental factors, are one of the main causes of the emergence of tumors that manifest in the human body, such as smoking and passive exposure to tobacco. In this sense, this work aims to evaluate the habits of smoking and alcohol consumption in patients with lung cancer and head and neck cancer. An observational and prospective study was conducted through data collection via pharmacotherapeutic anamnesis, based on the Dáder method with quantitative approaches. The research universe consists of 79 patients from the Liga Norte Riograndense Contra o Câncer and Hospital do Coração, located in Natal/RN, treated between May 2018 and March 2020. The participants in the research were interviewed through questionnaires that contained general questions about behavioral habits such as smoking, alcohol consumption and other lifestyle habits that were not considered in the study. There is an alignment between the data obtained during the research and the information contained in the literature regarding the relationship between the types of cancer addressed and the risk factors linked to the social practices of the patient throughout their life. Tobacco consumption is considered the main risk factor in the development of both neoplasms. With a high percentage of smoking patients interviewed in the research. There is a consistency of data since the number of smokers in both diseases exceeded 80%. Considering the excessive use of alcohol, a more significant relationship is noted among patients with head and neck cancer compared to those with lung cancer. There is no direct relationship between excessive alcohol consumption and lung neoplasia, despite the considerable number of alcohol consumers reported in this study.