Prevalência de episiotomia e fatores associados em maternidade escola do Rio Grande do Norte

Abstract

Introduction: Episiotomy is a surgical incision performed in the perineum to enlarge the birth canal. The World Health Organization recommends the procedure only in specific cases. Objective: To assess the prevalence of episiotomy and its relationship with obstetric and neonatal variables. Method: This is a retrospective study carried out at the Ana Bezerra University Hospital (HUAB), located in the municipality of Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. A survey and analysis of data from 168 parturients who were attended at the Pre-partum, Childbirth and Puerperium (PPP) unit was carried out in the years 2017 to 2019. The sample was divided into two groups, with Group 01-EP women undergoing episiotomy and Group 02-SEP, those who did not receive the procedure. Statistical analyzes were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences - SPSS, version 20.0 software, with a significance level of 5% being assigned to the results. Results: The prevalence of performing an episiotomy was 13.1%. When comparing the groups, it was found that women who underwent episiotomy were younger (p=0.026); had fewer pregnancies (p=0.01) and vaginal deliveries (p=0.0), as well as their children had lower Apgar scores at the 1st minute (p=0.03) and Apgar scores at the 5th minute (p=0.03). Conclusion: At the end of this work, it was noted that although the number of episiotomy is close to that recommended by the WHO, its prevalence is an aspect that deserves attention from the health team in order to increasingly improve assistance to women, preserving their physical integrity. and your rights.