Grandes vazios e pequenos lotes...

Abstract

The research analyzes the social housing policy in the municipalities of Açu and Mossoró, located in the state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), considering two different time frames. These municipalities, with different scales and roles in the state urban network, were inserted as protagonists in the implementation of the two main references of social housing policy in Brazil, the policy implemented by Banco Nacional de Habitação (1964-1986) – through the Companhias de Habitação (COHABs) – and Minha Casa Minha Vida Program (2009-2020). Having these two initiatives as a study parameter, the objective is to analyze how social housing policy was implemented in the municipalities of Açu and Mossoró, emphasizing the two time frames that highlight the work of COHAB/RN (1964 to 1986) and the performance of the PMCMV (2009 to 2020). As an object of investigation, the structural conditions of management and planning presented by these cities and the impact of public production of social housing (from the two periods) in the intra-urban territory of these municipalities. The main guiding question, how the structural management and planning conditions of the municipalities of Açu and Mossoró influenced the execution of the social housing policy, highlighting the periods of operation of COHAB/RN and PMCMV, and what were the territorial impacts resulting from the public production of social housing in the intra-urban territory of these municipalities throughout these two time frames? The methodological arrangement of the dissertation is configured according to two structuring axes: management and territory. The procedures adopted to contemplate these two analytical dimensions involved a systematic survey of data from different sources of documentary files, field research with mapping of land use and occupation in the analyzed housing complexes and semi-structured interviews with public managers responsible for the housing portfolio in Açu and Mossoró, as well as former managers and technicians. The research identified that the housing policy has been guided by several dimensions of voids (both institutional and territorial), which contribute to the maintenance of the duality scenario for facing housing needs and the structural dependence of local bureaucracies in relation to the sphere of power federal public. The products of the BNH policy and the production of the PMCMV in Açu and Mossoró demonstrated different dynamics and territorial appropriations between themselves and highlighted the importance of analyzing the territorial variation of the effects of housing policies among subnational units.