Avaliação do uso do extrato pirolenhoso de eucalipto (Eucalyptus urugrandis) sobre o desempenho, qualidade de carne e toxicidade em suínos em fase de terminação

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different levels of inclusion of eucalyptus pyroligneous extract (PE) on animal performance, meat quality, and liver profile of finishing pigs to evaluate the possible toxicity of the pyroligneous extract. Twenty-four crossbred pigs (Large Withe, Landrace, Pietran, and Duroc), castrated males, with an average initial weight of 56.4 ± 2.1 kg, were used. The animals were housed individually in experimental sheds with semi-automatic feeders and nipple drinkers. The experimental diets consisted of corn, soybean meal, vegetable oil, and commercial core and supplemented with increasing levels of pyroligneous extract (0; 1; 2, and 3%). The animals were weighed at the beginning and end of the experimental period to evaluate the following performance data: daily feed intake (DFR), total weight gain (TWG), daily weight gain (DWG) and feed conversion (FCR). Blood was collected before slaughter to analyze the hepatic profile (ALT and AST) of the animals. At the end of the experiment, the animals were slaughtered to measure the quantitative and qualitative parameters of the carcasses, and fragments of liver tissue were collected for histological analysis. No statistical effects were found when including increasing levels of PE (P>0.05) on the parameters of daily weight gain and total weight gain, total feed intake, daily feed intake, feed conversion, as well as there were no effects on most of the meat quality parameters or the hepatic profile. An increasing linear effect (P<0.05) was observed on the backfat thickness (ET2). There was no toxicological effect with the increasing inclusion of pyroligneous extract in the alienation of the pigs. The pyroligneous extract can be used in up to 3% of incus in diets of pigs in the finishing phase, considering that no effect was shown on the evaluated parameters.