Metodologia de avaliação de estudos de impacto ambiental de empreendimentos eólicos no estado do Rio Grande do Norte

Abstract

The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the deployment of wind power ventures is one of the legal requirements for obtaining a Preliminary License during the environmental licensing process. However, the low quality of the studies has led to slow analysis and erroneous decisions. Moreover, there is no known methodology for the analysis of this study in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. Thus, this work aims to analyse the amount of information provided and discuss the principal deficiencies in the sample by developing a methodology for the evaluation and application of a case study. The elaboration of the methodology required the use of the interaction matrix method and the 'Reference Terms' of the years 2018 and 2020 from the Institute of Sustainable Development and Environment (Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável e Meio Ambiental - IDEMA) to perform a comparison of information and insert them in the matrix. The case study application also required four recent EIAs of wind power ventures. From the elaboration of the matrix and its fulfillment after the study analysis, it was possible, using a rating scale, to classify them as "regular", not dispensing the need for complementation of the data not presented. Therefore, the developed methodology assists the decision-making process and facilitates the evaluation concerning the amount of information provided, the principal deficiencies identified in the studies, and the emission of a request for action.