Frequência de Cryptosporidium spp. e Cystoisospora spp. em pacientes HIV/AIDS internados no Hospital Giselda Trigueiro, Natal/RN

Abstract

Opportunistic infections are recognized as one of the most common complications in immunocompromised patients, including those who are infected with HIV, who are at increased risk of chronic and illness.In this context, two intestinal coccidians, Cryptosporidium spp. and Cystoisospora spp., affect HIV / AIDS patients and induce severe diarrhea and / or a history of diarrhea alternately with an asymptomatic interval. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of Cryptosporidium spp. and Cystoisospora spp. in patients hospitalized with HIV/AIDS at the Hospital Giselda Trigueiro, between 2015 and 2017. In this study, a socioeconomic questionnaire was applied, and 72 fecal samples were collected for parasitological investigation using the methods of Seather, Ritchie and Modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining; as well as, detection of Cryptosporidium spp. coproantigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The sample consisted of 75% of men and 25% of women with ages ranging from 20 to 80 years. The frequency of Cryptosporidium spp. was 2.2%, through the immunoenzymatic assay, and Cystoisospora spp. was 6.9%, using Richie's methods and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining. All patients used trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and presented diarrhea at the time of collection. Among the positive patients for these coccidians, the CD4 + T lymphocyte count was below 200 cells/mm3 of blood.