Arquitetura da experimentação: o caso dos pavilhões

Abstract

The Pavilions are structures usually developed for events, where their context usually allows the experimentation of new ideas, being able to serve for the development of new concepts for more complex constructions. Despite being a known subject, there is a gap in the specialized literature, which presents superficial and generalist approaches, requiring further studies. Therefore, in this thesis, two types of events were adopted for analysis: the World Fair and the pavilions developed for the annual summer program of the Serpentine Gallery, with at least one pavilion being counted for each edition of these events, considering the period from 1851 to 2021. For this, the idea of what is a pavilion is initially presented and then known examples of pavilions of the World Fair and Serpentine are exposed. The objectives established for this study was: (1) revealing the main attributes present in the selected pavilions regarding: the shape (amorphic, curved and inflexible), the visibility (transparent, matte and opaque), the structural system (form-active, section-active, surface-active, vector-active and hybrid), the external cladding (masonry and concrete, metal, glass, polymer, wood and others) and the colors (monochromatic and polychromatic); and (2) identify patterns and suggest more recurrent classifications, in order to synthesize the architectural production of this group. To make this possible, bibliographic and documentary research was used through publications in books, articles, documentaries, interviews and other relevant sources. After finding the necessary elements, the information was compiled into a database, which made it possible to identify the predominant characteristics in each category. Although it was not possible to do the analysis of all the pavilions developed over the nearly 200 years of event, as the information of all of them is not available, this study allowed us to perceive that there is a growing tendency to explore the image and sensorial in the most recent pavilions, and perhaps, the spectacularization of this kind of structure is one of the new forms of innovation and experimentation.