Programa de Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura e Urbanismo
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Master Thesis Arcaicó, modo de amar: proposta de boas práticas para o casario antigo caicoense(2020-11-25) Oliveira, Lívia Nobre de; Dantas, George Alexandre Ferreira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8352-7590; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9782385817332156; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3697378308566766; Julianelli, Anna Rachel Baracho Eduardo; Trigueiro, Edja Bezerra Faria; Nascimento, José Clewton doCaico, a town located in the countryside of Rio Grande do Norte state, has a relevant history for the region and vibrant culture. However, buildings from past periods of time have been suffering successive modifications, classified as misrepresenting interventions. The difficulty of accepting these constructions as heritage comes from various reasons, like a more colonial, elitist, and monumental thinking regarding Brazil's heritage subject. It is believed that there is a latent potential in the old houses, even though it is inserted in an old center with little unity, and that a possible path for their preservation is to supply the population with qualified information regarding how to intervene and conserve them. Based on the study of other informative materials and the analysis of the constructions inventoried in the light of new restoration theories, a range of possibilities was built for these houses' requalification. The final product of this study is an orientation booklet that aims to serve as an object of heritage education, showing the population both the importance of conserving this collection and the types and possibilities of interventions that can be carried out.Doctoral Thesis A ferrovia e a ocupação física espacial de Teresina (Nordeste/Brasil) entre 1922 e 2003(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2025-11-10) Moura, Fritz Miguel Morais; Ferreira, Angela Lúcia de Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9858859733008515; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4471720522425328; Melo, Alcília Afonso de Albuquerque e; Aragão, Juliana Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8251920590069820; Leite, Nícia Bezerra Formiga; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1701-8931; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7329998530695098; Teixeira, Rubenilson Brazão; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8472-9197; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8646138560231908The introduction of the railway system, initiated in the 1920s, constituted a milestone in the modernization of the capital of Piauí and marked a turning point in its urban expansion process, as it disrupted the planned orthogonal grid, isolated areas to the north of the consolidated center, and redirected the city’s growth toward the southeast. The central question guiding this research is: in what ways did the railway, while simultaneously promoting regional integration and urban modernization, produce fragmentation, discontinuities, and territorial inequalities? The working hypothesis maintains that the railway, by breaking the original orthogonal layout, became a structuring vector of urban expansion toward the southeast, but also a segregating element responsible for spatial discontinuities and socioeconomic conflicts. It is also assumed that its later redevelopment, materialized in the implementation of the Pre-Metro in the 1990s, preserved the logic of functional integration and territorial exclusion, revealing the persistence of inequalities in urban space. Accordingly, this study seeks to understand the historical and morphological repercussions of the railway on the structure and occupation of the territory, considering its effects on urban form and dynamics. It investigates the impacts of the railway's implementation on the urban configuration of Teresina, considering the period from 1922 to 2003. The methodology adopts a historical–geographical and morphological approach, combining documentary, cartographic, and empirical analyses. It is grounded in Groat and Wang (2013), who emphasize coherence between research methods and strategies, and in Oliveira (2015), whose conception of urban morphology guides the interpretation of spatial forms and transformations. Iconographic records, historical documents, direct observation, and urban cartography were used, in addition to the development of “Conflict Maps,” as proposed by Acselrad and Coli (2008), as a tool for representing tensions and disputes over urban land use. The theoretical framework is based on authors who analyze modernization and the social production of urban space; who emphasize the dynamic and relational nature of space; who associate modernization with capitalist rationalization and the reconfiguration of urban networks; and who highlight the relationship between transportation, urban expansion, and socio-spatial inequality. The results indicate that the railway played an ambiguous role in the territorial formation of Teresina. Between the 1930s and 1950s, it was consolidated as an axis for freight and passenger transport, fostering industrial activities and regional integration. With the rise of road transport between the 1950s and 1970s, its importance declined, culminating in the discontinuation of passenger service. The redevelopment of the railway in 1977, with the lowering of the tracks and relocation of the switching yard to a rural area, enabled the implementation of the intra-urban passenger system known as the Pre-Metro in the 1990s, reaffirming the railway's structuring role while also highlighting the persistence of its socio-spatial contradictions. It is concluded that the railway was simultaneously a vector of modernization and an agent of urban fragmentation, functioning as a technical, social, and symbolic infrastructure that redefined the territorial organization of the capital of Piauí. Its continued presence in the contemporary urban fabric reveals both the persistence of inequalities and the potential for reinterpreting this space as a mobility corridor and axis for urban redevelopment. Thus, the study contributes to a critical understanding of the railway as a structuring element of Teresina’s urban morphology and as an interpretive key to the relationship between technology, territory, and modernization.Master Thesis O forte da proteção: estudo do entorno do Forte dos Reis Magos a partir da legislação urbana da cidade de Natal/RN (1967-2007)(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2025-10-08) Lima, Regina Alyce Caetano de; Dantas, George Alexandre Ferreira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8352-7590; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9782385817332156; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4299-197X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2548423794285955; Bentes Sobrinha, Maria Dulce Picanço; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6461-9441; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3773171291305294; Cordovil, Fabíola Castelo de Souza; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1065-3908; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7688784916763495The current Environmental Protection Zone (ZPA) 07, which encompasses the area surrounding the Forte dos Reis Magos in the city of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, is currently the subject of debate and conflict among various members of society. However, this area has long played a fundamental role in the history and landscape of the capital of Rio Grande do Norte. Therefore, given the importance of this region, this study aims to analyze the delimitation of the area surrounding the Forte dos Reis Magos, based on Natal's urban planning provisions, beginning in 1968, the date of the elaboration of the Serete Plan, which marked the beginning of the construction of the legal urban framework for this location, until the revision of the 2007 Municipal Master Plan, which establishes a series of conflicts, through various agents, over the dispute of this territory. To this end, a bibliographic review was conducted on the urban historiography of Brazil and Natal, within the proposed time frame and theme, and data was collected from periodicals, newspapers, documentation, and legislation itself, also within the proposed time frame and theme. The study, therefore, sought to contribute to the understanding of the history of the urban legal framework of the current ZPA 07, with a view to supporting studies and proposals for future regulations in the area.Master Thesis Princípios teórico-metodológicos do restauro e a prática intervencionista sobre ruínas de reconhecido valor patrimonial: (especificidades e contradições na) experiência potiguar(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2025-09-05) Fernandes, Ramon Bezerra; Araújo, Natália Miranda Vieira de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4756-9822; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3326160083213059; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5129-7604; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9771306049353188; Nascimento, José Clewton do; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9723-9207; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3481803473530409; Costa, Tatiana de Carvalho; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6828-8299; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2838879157724850The work focuses on reflecting on the preservation of cultural assets in a state of ruin and on the interventionist practices of the national heritage preservation agency (IPHAN) through an experience in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. By considering the importance of discussing the theoretical and methodological principles of the restoration field and their application to interventions in ruins, a recurring tension between past and present becomes evident. It is often conveyed that the old plays a secondary and passive role, while the new not only challenges its historicity but also the entire context in which the cultural asset is embedded. Within the institutional sphere, this scenario continues, where measures are implemented with the aim of returning the asset to its original state—a practice known as repristination. This raises the question: “How is it that, over time, even with the emergence of new approaches and theoretical-methodological discussions, such practices continue, to a great extent, to seek a return to an elected original state?” When dealing with ruined cultural heritage, it is essential to reiterate that these represent a complex debate within the heritage context, one that must be approached through a dialogue between Architectural Restoration and Archaeological Restoration. Based on evidence already discussed in various academic studies, it can be observed that, since the 1960s, institutional actions involving ruins of recognized heritage value in Rio Grande do Norte have not aligned with the criteria proposed by the field of contemporary restoration, particularly due to the lack of specific methodological discussions regarding interventions in ruins. This research proposes to assess how intervention practices in ruined heritage sites listed by IPHAN in Rio Grande do Norte relate to the theoretical and methodological principles of conservation and restoration over time, investigating the maturation of these concepts from the agency's initial interventions in the 1960s to the present day. It will be conducted through a qualitative approach, using project-based and documentary analysis in selected case studies, in order to understand the type of treatment given to these heritage ruins and their relationship with current preservation recommendations and discussions. For project work in areas of heritage interest and for recognizing the skills and competencies necessary for their preservation, it is essential to make explicit the link between theoretical deepening and design development. The study will rely on the most recent restoration theories within a contemporary context. Thus, the aim of the research is not to discuss the historical trajectory of the preservation field in depth, but rather to revisit some theoretical contexts from the 19th and 20th centuries to support the debate on restoration as a critical design act. Therefore, the work will be grounded in a bibliographic review focused on the Italian perspective of restoration, due to its relevance in establishing preservation as a disciplinary field of study and, consequently, its influence on the Brazilian academic sphere. These efforts aim to evaluate the Rio Grande do Norte experience in dealing with ruined heritage sites and to identify the criteria and principles that have guided interventions, through a temporal analysis.Master Thesis Análise integrada da paisagem sonora em destino turístico e litorâneo(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2025-09-15) Mendes, Marina Bezerra; Cortês, Marina Medeiros; Araújo, Virginia Maria Dantas de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2252-1937; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5410580416665461; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3061-4236; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5835319137645989; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2781922157590062; Araújo, Bianca Carla Dantas de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4058-7785; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6438797671562128; Niemeyer, Maria Lygia Alves de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8808-459X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2137664743935394The term soundscape refers to the way an acoustic environment is perceived by individuals within a given context. This approach focuses on the management and appreciation of sounds as fundamental elements for transforming spaces, considering the interests of society. Pipa Beach, located in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, and recognized as one of the country’s main tourist destinations, has undergone accelerated and unplanned urban growth in recent years, resulting in a significant increase in noise pollution. This situation highlights the need for a detailed analysis of the local soundscape, integrating noise control approaches. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to characterize the soundscape of an urban area of Pipa Beach/RN based on human perceptions, the acoustic environment, and the local context, providing support for future interventions aimed at mitigating environmental impacts. The methodology combined quantitative and qualitative approaches: sound pressure level measurements, binaural head recordings, questionnaires applied to tourists and residents, and soundwalks conducted with specialists and residents, following the guidelines of the ISO 12913 series. Statistical analysis of the data revealed a significant diversity of sounds and high sound pressure levels, mainly attributed to human activities and traffic. It was observed that tourists evaluated the acoustic environment more positively than residents and specialists, who were more sensitive to the effects of noise on quality of life. As a synthesis, maps were created to integrate the main characteristics of the soundscape and the collected data. It was concluded that the combined approach of noise control and soundscape analysis proved effective, providing valuable information to strengthen local identity and support sustainable urban planning.Master Thesis Habitação social e saúde no contexto da pandemia de Sars-Cov-2 (2020-2021): estudo sobre habitabilidade e percepção dos moradores da ZEIS Pirambu - Fortaleza-CE(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2025-10-17) Barros, Analina de Moraes; Bentes Sobrinha, Maria Dulce Picanço; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6461-9441; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3773171291305294; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3026313146122734; Nascimento, José Clewton do; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9723-9207; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3481803473530409; Pequeno, Luís Renato Bezerra; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1453116800487905This research focuses on self-built housing, habitability, and health. The study seeks to assess the health impact of luxury housing conditions, considering the specificities of self-built housing, whose precariousness contributes to the worsening of residents' health problems, especially in the context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Habitability aspects demonstrate that adequate housing involves much more than the physical space of the house, including environmental, social, and urban factors. Studies on this topic point to solutions and intervention strategies in informal settlements, highlighting smaller-scale actions capable of generating significant impacts on the city as a whole. In this sense, precarious settlements, such as ZEIS Pirambu, located in the west zone of Fortaleza, Ceará, made social isolation an even greater challenge during the pandemic. Research related to housing and its interrelationships highlighted how the peripheries of Fortaleza were impacted during this period, due to factors such as safety, habitability, sustainability, building performance, and urban conditions. Thus, the object of study of this dissertation is limited to self-built housing and its relationship with habitability and health, posing the following guiding question: how did the habitability conditions of social housing in the Pirambu ZEIS affect the health of families during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic? Given this issue, the overall objective of the research is to understand the conditions of self-built housing in the Pirambu ZEIS, identifying their effects on habitability and health during the pandemic and postpandemic period. The motivation for this study arose from direct experience in the Pirambu ZEIS, where local problems and recent transformations in the territory were closely inspired. Methodologically, this is a cross-sectional study with a qualitative approach, focusing on the Pirambu ZEIS in Fortaleza, Ceará. Priority was given to authors who discuss self-built housing, habitability, and health. The research included an exploratory empirical analysis of housing, using questionnaires administered to residents, photographic records, and audio recordings, with the aim of identifying and classifying habitability conditions. Therefore, this work seeks to contribute to the understanding of informality and housing problems in the Pirambu ZEIS, as well as to generate reflections on urban inequality, the dynamics of self-built space in vulnerable areas, and the effects of habitability on residents' health, considering social inequalities and health perceptions in the post-SARS-CoV-2 pandemic period.Master Thesis Pau dos Ferros além da sombra da oiticica: o processo de valoração como norteador das escolhas patrimoniais(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2025-08-25) Sousa, Pedro Rafael Vidal de Queiroz; Nascimento, José Clewton do; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9723-9207; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3481803473530409; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1032775670796862; Medeiros, Gabriel Leopoldino Paulo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7028732859529672; Dantas, George Alexandre Ferreira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8352-7590; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9782385817332156This research addresses the topic of cultural heritage from the perspective of attributing values, having as its study universe three regions of the Municipality of Pau dos Ferros/RN where problems related to the preservation and conservation of historical sites are evident. Taking the process of valorization and heritage choices as the object of study, we will clearly seek the following question: how different subjects value the city's historic sites and how these values influence the construction of heritage meanings and choices about how to intervene in pre-existences? Our objective is, therefore, to investigate the role of the values attributed to the historical sites of the city of Pau dos Ferros in the patrimonial choices of the municipal authorities and inhabitants.To achieve this objective we will to make: a conceptual discussion about the valuation process based on a bibliographical review that addresses the theory of values and its implications for the field of heritage from a contemporary perspective; a characterization of our universe of study from a historical-socio-cultural approach, also taking as a basis a review of the bibliography that permeates the fields of knowledge of history, geography and architecture and urbanism; identify the values attributed to sites through qualitative data extracted from field records anchored in the methodology of incorporated observation, and semi-structured interviews aimed at site inhabitants and municipal managers linked to the field of heritage; and finally, by crossing the data obtained, we will analyze the conception of pau-ferrense cultural heritage by the inhabitants and managers and the way in which they have been intervening in the pre-existences of the historical sites studied. The results indicate that the valuation process is clearly grounded in the relationship established between individuals and place, and that these directly influence the various meanings attributed, which may or may not lead to the attribution of heritage value. Heritage value, in turn, also has diverse characteristics, sometimes more focused on the monumentality and exceptionality of the assets, and sometimes broader, encompassing more typologies and intangible elements. Finally, we also note the existence of several points of convergence and divergence between the views of residents and managers regarding local cultural heritage.Master Thesis Ocupações urbanas, planejamento conflitual e territorialidade(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2025-08-25) Almeida, Miró Aires de; Brasil, Amiria Bezerra; Soares, Bernardo Nascimento; Tanaka, Giselle Megumi Martino; Ataide, Ruth Maria da CostaIn the downtown area of Natal, highlighting the lack of access to housing for low-income populations and denouncing the significant number of vacant properties, members of the Movimento de Luta nos Bairros, Vilas e Favelas (MLB – Movement for Struggle in Neighborhoods, Villages, and Slums) have been organizing urban occupations of idle buildings as a way to demand the right to housing and to the city center. These occupations are central to the process of political engagement and education of the movement’s members, who are primarily individuals experiencing housing insecurity. Beyond serving as a place of residence, the occupations also function as political organizations through which the movement expands its base, strengthens its political power, and publicizes its causes and struggles to society. We propose to understand these occupations as forms of conflictual planning (Tanaka, Oliveira, and Coli, 2019), which engage planning as a political tool of resistance to urban conflicts and as a means of creating spaces for dialogue with the State. In this context, the general objective of this work is to analyze how organized occupations have been part of conflictual planning processes that claim the right to housing and territoriality in downtown Natal. Specifically, this research aims to: (1) investigate the strategies of the housing rights movement in Brazil; (2) understand the formation of popular territories around downtown Natal; and (3) characterize the MLB’s repertoire of action in the city center. To achieve these goals, the research relied primarily on literature and document review from various sources, semi-structured interviews with MLB-RN coordinators and members of the movement’s legal advisory team, and a workshop conducted with residents of the Palmares Occupation. Among the findings, we highlight that in Natal, participation in institutional spaces, street protests and public demonstrations, and most notably, the organization of occupations, are interrelated strategies in the political struggle led by the MLB to expand the right to housing. Throughout the occupations organized in the city center, the defense of territoriality— ensuring residents can remain near their places of origin—has become an increasingly important objective and strategy of the movement.Master Thesis Veja antes que acabe: a substituição de edifícios residenciais modernos de pequeno porte e o impacto na urbanidade em Fortaleza/CE(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2025-09-03) Proença, Iamna Benevides; Brasil, Amiria Bezerra; Cavalcanti, Emanuel Ramos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6805137553894905; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6877-4916; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8887892378979463; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3561549733099075; Nascimento, José Clewton do; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9723-9207; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3481803473530409; Paiva, Ricardo Alexandre; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0332-097X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0578051710573403This dissertation analyzes the urbanity impact resulting from small-scale modern residential buildings, built between the 1960s and 1970s, replaced with new contemporary developments in the Aldeota and Meireles neighborhoods in Fortaleza, Brazil. This replacement process, driven by the increasing real estate value in these neighborhoods combined with the permissiveness of current urban planning legislation, has led to the demolition of small-scale single-family and multifamily residences. The research proposes an analysis of modern architectural production in these neighborhoods, highlighting urbanity attributes present in small-scale modern multifamily residential buildings. Using a qualitative and exploratory approach, the study employs a literature review on modern architecture and urbanity, empirical data collection with quantitative surveys, interviews, photographic records, and case study analysis. A critical analysis was conducted to investigate how this dynamic has impacted urban space, the modernist architectural legacy of Fortaleza, and the consequences of this replacement on Aldeota and Meireles urbanity. The results reveal 235 small-scale modern residential buildings, underscoring their relevance in the urban composition of these neighborhoods. However, surveys indicate that 23 examples of the typology were demolished between 2012 and 2024, revealing a concerning scenario for the coming years. Finally, the dissertation reflects on the consequences of this replacement, which has caused direct impacts on local urbanity, and on the uncertain future of the modernist built heritage, which has been subject to losses and degradation due to this new dynamic.Doctoral Thesis Tessitura de uma arquitetura esparsa: localidades litorâneas enquanto economias de movimento(Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2025-08-20) Martins, Mauricio Pereira; Trigueiro, Edja Bezerra Faria; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2279771493519042; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1088-6074; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0487412008527147; Teixeira, Rubenilson Brazão; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8472-9197; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8646138560231908; Cavalcanti, Emanuel Ramos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6805137553894905; Silva, Felipe Tavares da; Lopes, Flávia Monaliza Nunes SecundoThis thesis is an investigation into the relationship between the sparse distribution of settlements and the idea of natural movement as “the proportion of movement [. . . ] determined by the structure of the urban grid itself rather than by the presence of specific attractors or magnets” (Hillier, 1996b, p.120). It focus on approximately 160 localities across 25 municipalities — the capital cities of João Pessoa (Paraíba) and Natal (Rio Grande do Norte), their conurbations, and all coastal settlements located in municipalities either sides of the BR-101, a federal highway that traverses the country Northeast to South, in-between these capitals. Expanding the observational scope beyond the boundaries of localities contributes to assess the effects of attraction and repulsion of human activities within a network of settlements, considering movement possibilities. It also explores how street configuration facilitates or constrains route options, including those that go beyond settlements and regional boundaries, while accounting for the convergence of international flows and the local movement of people, goods, and commodities — a process woven from the colonial period to contemporary tourism. Space Syntax Analysis (Hillier; Hanson, 1984) was applied to the road network in the area of study to construct a configurational analysis model. The aim of assessing variations in movement potential generated by the road configuration and the spatial distribution patterns of localities led to an expanded conception of cities as economies of movement (Hillier, 1996a). Patterns of settlement distribution associated with the reach potential of constituent road segments were identified and confluences concerning main destinations routes and country roads interlinking settlements were clarified / elucidated / evaluated. Results reveal associations and occasional disparities regarding movement patterns within the road network and built-form distribution as well as between movement potential and the disposition of localities, particularly when distinct maximum route reaches were considered. Spatial configuration thus mirrors differentiation and complementarity in the articulation of localities: a main access city-tosea structure (connecting larger localities with sparser distribution) is complemented by vicinal access routes prioritising the interconnection of smaller settlements.